Unit 1 - KA6 Respiration Flashcards
What is respiration?
A series of enzyme controlled reactions resulting in the production of ATP from the chemical energy in glucose.
What cellular activities is energy required for?
-Muscle cell contraction
-Cell division (Growth and repair)
-Protein synthesis
-Transmission of nerve impulses
What is Glycolysis?
The breakdown of glycose to create two molecules of pyruvate, this results in 2 ATP molecules being created.
Where does glycolysis take place?
Cytoplasm
Does glycolysis require oxygen?
No
What is aerobic respiration?
Pyruvate is broken down through a series of enzyme controlled reactions into the products of carbon dioxide and water, many ATP molecules are created (36)
Does aerobic respiration require oxygen?
Yes
Where does aerobic respiration take place?
Mitochondria
In animal cells what is pyruvate broken down into in fermentation?
Lactate
In plant and yeast cells what is pyruvate broken down into during fermentation
Ethanol and carbon dioxide
Where does fermentation take place?
Cytoplasm
When does fermentation take place
In the absence of oxygen
How many ATP are produced in fermentation?
0 ATP
What is ATP?
Adenosine Triphosate
State why a muscle cell requires more energy than a skin cell.
Muscles need to contract which requires energy in the form of ATP and skin cells do not move so do not have the same energy requirement.
