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Psych > Unit 1 Government MCQ Retake Preparation > Flashcards

Unit 1 Government MCQ Retake Preparation Flashcards

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1
Q

Amendments

A

The process by which changes are made to the constitution

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2
Q

Anti-Federalist

A

Opposition to the ratification of the constitution (small farmers), favored strong state government

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3
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

Governing document that created a union of 13 sovereign states where the states, not the national government, were supreme

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4
Q

Bill of Rights

A

First 10 amendments, protects individual liberties and limits power of federal government

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4
Q

Bicameral

A

Two-House legislature

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5
Q

Checks and Balances

A

Each branch has power over other branches

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6
Q

Commerce Clause

A

Grants congress authority to regulate interstate business and commercial activity

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7
Q

Concurrent Powers

A

Both state and federal governments share them in the Constitution

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8
Q

Declaration of Independence

A

1776, America’s DNA and political culture, “all men are created equal”

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9
Q

Electoral College

A

Selects the president from the votes of the people

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10
Q

Elite Democracy

A

Small minority with economic power controlling the government

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11
Q

Enumerated or Expressed Powers

A

Powers granted to the national government through the constitution

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12
Q

Factions

A

Self-interested individuals who form groups to use the government to get what they want

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13
Q

Federalist Papers

A

Essays to promote the ratification of the constitution

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14
Q

Federalism

A

Sharing of power between the national and federal government

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15
Q

Federalists

A

Supported the constitution and a strong national government

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16
Q

Fiscal Federalism

A

Federal government’s use of GIA to influence policies in different states

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17
Q

Grants-In-Aid

A

Federal money provided to states to implement public policy objectives from the national government

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18
Q

Categorical grants

A

GIA with provisions on use, national government source of power

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19
Q

Unfunded mandates

A

Federal requirement that states must follow without being provided funding

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20
Q

Block grant

A

GIA gives state officials more authority in use of federal funds

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21
Q

Full Faith and Credit Clause

A

States must recognize public acts, rewards, and civic courts from other states

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22
Q

Great Compromise

A

Connecticut compromise from constitutional convention, created a bicameral legislature, a house of representatives, and a senate

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23
Q

House of Representatives

A

Power to initiate revenue bills and impeach federal officials, 435 members

24
Q

Impeachment

A

The process by which a government official is charged with misconduct while in office

25
Q

James Madison

A

Key founding father of the constitution, wrote the federalist papers, initially against bill of rights then changed mind

26
Q

Judicial Review

A

The power to overturn a law that violates the Constitution

27
Q

Limited Government

A

Restricting the power of government and protecting the rights of individuals

28
Q

Mandates

A

Official order or commission to do something

29
Q

National Supremacy

A

Supremacy clause, federal government laws and constitution take precedent over state laws and constitution

30
Q

Natural Law / Locke

A

Social contract, universal morals from God

31
Q

Necessary and Proper clause (elastic)

A

Federal government has authority to pass laws to carry out enumerated papers

32
Q

New Jersey Plan

A

Unicameral legislature, equal representation regardless of population

33
Q

Participatory Democracy

A

The people have to participate, ex. ballot measures

34
Q

Pluralist Democracy

A

Groups with diverse interest work to compete to influence government policy

35
Q

Popular Sovereignty

A

Power of the government comes from the consent of the people

36
Q

Preamble

A

“We the people…”

37
Q

Ratification

A

Approving a proposed law or constitutional amendment

38
Q

Representative republic

A

Citizens elect representative to make laws on their behalf, form of government

39
Q

Republicanism

A

Political ideology, citizens elect the government to run on their behalf

40
Q

Reserved Powers

A

Powers that are not explicitly given to the government via the Constitution and are therefore reserved for the states

41
Q

Senate

A

Upper chamber of the Congress, each state has 2 senators, 100 total; can approve treaties, confirm presidential appointments, and pass legislation

42
Q

Separation of Powers

A

No branch becomes too powerful (checks and balances)

43
Q

Shay’s Rebellion

A

Daniel Shay’s, in Massachusetts, rebellion to overturn political power due to debt, no “hard money”, and raised taxation

44
Q

Social Contract

A

Individual’s give up some personal freedoms in exchange for the protection of their rights and the maintenance of social order

45
Q

Supremacy Clause

A

Establishes the Constitution and the laws of the federal government passed under its authority as the highest law in the land

46
Q

3/5 Compromise

A

1787, Constitutional Convention, enslaved people were counted as 3/5 of a person when determining a state’s population representation in the House of Representatives and for taxation purposes

47
Q

Veto

A

Constitutional power of a president to reject a bill passes by congress, preventing it from becoming a law unless overruled by 2/3 majority vote in both houses of congress

48
Q

Virginia Plan

A

1787, constitutional convention, strong national government with three branches: legislative, executive, judicial

49
Q

Declaration of Independence

A

Declared separation from governing official, new independent government, sovereign nation, + enlightenment theories (1776 - natural rights, social contract, popular sovereignty, republicanism)

50
Q

U.S. Constitution

A

1787, replaces the articles of confederation, established a strong federal government, declared certain rights to states, and protected liberties (1- leg., 2- exec., 3- judicial, IV- relations between states, V- amendment process, VI- debt from confederation and federal supremacy, VII- ratification)

51
Q

Federalist No. 10

A

Within federal papers, large republic from constitution is the ideal form of government (minority and majority rights), defending the constitution against critics; democracy is key, diverse groups and different opinions, factions are inevitable and dangerous + harder to control a large republic, easier to control in large republic

52
Q

Brutus No. 1

A

1787 after the constitution signing, state governments as the source of power for the new nation, a republic could only work on a smaller scale and as large it does not protect democracy, establishes the necessary and proper and the supremacy clause

53
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

1777, “league of friendship”, established a weak executive and lacked any way to propel states without money or military control, FAILED

54
Q

Federalist No. 51

A

Urged the ratification of the constitution, 1787, “if men were angels no government would be necessary”, checks and balances system, popular sovereignty, divide the legislature, larger republic

55
Q

Amendment 10

A

Any powers not specified for the federal government are then withheld for the states

56
Q

Marbury v Madison

A

“Issue writs of mandamus”, adam’s presidency, marshall must deliver papers, assumed successor would finish,madison did not deliver papers and marbury lost his job. constitution gives the court judicial power to strike down any laws that go against it

57
Q

United States v Lopez

A

1990 GFSZA passed banning guns from school areas, Lopez 12th grader caught, ruled in favor of Lopez as, if congress had the ability to rule any item as commerce, congress could do anything; devolution evolution

Psych (5 decks)

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