ultrastructure Flashcards
nucleus
• Contains genetic
information (DNA) which
controls the cell’s
activities, this that can be
transmitted to the next
generation in cell division
nucleolus
The Nucleolus makes
Ribosome’s from Ribo-
Nucleic acid (RNA)
nuclear envelope
Allows exchange between the nucleus and cytoplasm
through nuclear pores (mRNA and ribosomes leave the
nucleus and some hormones and nutrients enter.)
rough endoplasmic reticulum
• Forms an extensive system of
membranes throughout the
cell for transport of proteins
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
• Site of production of lipids
and steroids
golgi apparatus
• Collects, processes and sorts
molecules ready for transport in
Golgi vesicles to other parts of
the cell or out of the cell
(secretion) e.g. proteins from the
rough ER.
ribosomes
site of protein synthesis
mitochondria
Site of aerobic respiration / production
of ATP
lysosomes
• Responsible for the breakdown
of unwanted structures e.g. old
organelles
contains hydrolytic enzymes
chloroplasts
site of photosynthesis
plasma membrane
Controls movement of substances into
and out of the cell
centrioles
• Form the spindle that organises
and separates the
chromosomes during cell
division
cell wall
Give cells their shape, providing support for the cell.
cilia and flagella
Most often have a role in the
movement substances around the
outside of the cell, or the cell itself
if unfixed
