ULTRASOUND BASICS

Question 1

veins on US

Answer 1

anechoic, compressible

Question 2

arteries on US

Answer 2

anechoic (pulsatile)

Question 3

fat on US

Answer 3

hypoechoic with irregular hyperechoic lines

Question 4

muscles on US

Answer 4

heterogeneous (mixture of hyperechoic lines within a hypoechoic tissue background)

Question 5

tendons on US

Answer 5

predominantly hyperechoic technical artifact (hypoechoic)

Question 6

bone on US

Answer 6

++ hyperechoic lines with a hypoechoic shadow

Question 7

nerves on US

Answer 7

hyperechoic / hypoechoic technical artifact (hypoechoic)

Question 8

If the source is moving towards the receiver

Answer 8

perceived frequency is higher and display is red.

Question 9

If the source is moving away from the receiver

Answer 9

perceived frequency is lower and display in blue

Question 10

high velocities are usually

Answer 10

arteries

Question 11

low velocities are usually

Answer 11

veins

Question 12

what is color power doppler used for

Answer 12

to differentiate vascular from non-vascular structures

Question 13

does color power doppler indicate flow direction

Answer 13

NO

Question 14

in plane vs out of plane

Answer 14

Question 15

alignment means sliding the transducer

Answer 15

longitudinally

Question 16

image quality is dependent on

Answer 16

frequency

Question 17

high frequency is good for

Answer 17

superficial structures (i.e. interscalene and supraclavicular blocks)

Question 18

lower frequency is good for

Answer 18

scanning deeper structures (i.e. transgluteal sciatic)

Question 19

the higher the ____________ the better the resolution

Answer 19

frequency

Question 20

linear transducers produce ____________ images

Answer 20

rectangular

Question 21

linear transducers frequency

Answer 21

higher frequency

Question 22

curved transducers ↑ or ↓ field view

Answer 22

↑

Question 23

what kind of transducer produces lower frequency waves and images are lower resolution

Answer 23

curved

Question 24

what transducer ↑ depth of penetration

Answer 24

curved

Question 25

mode best for cardiac images

Answer 25

M (motion) mode

Question 26

common scanning mode

Answer 26

B (briteness) mode

Question 27

which mode shows presence of vascularity and direction of flow

Answer 27

color

Question 28

which mode is used to differentiate vascular from non vascular structures

Answer 28

color mode

Question 29

which mode can show perfusion of organs

Answer 29

power

Question 30

if image is too light

Answer 30

gain is too high

Question 31

if gain is too low

Answer 31

image is too dark

Question 32

the greater the depth the ____________ the resolution

Answer 32

less

Question 33

write-zoom vs read-zoom

Answer 33

write- improves image quality

read- affects only the magnification

Question 34

focal position tells the ultrasound

Answer 34

the depth at which you would like the highest resolution

Question 35

if you increase DR you will see

Answer 35

more grey scale images

Question 36

if you decrease DR you will

Answer 36

increase the contrast and see more black and white areas

Question 37

high dynamic range =

Answer 37

low contrast

Question 38

This feature analyzes the tissues and provides you with the most optimized image

Answer 38

auto optimization

Question 39

hyperechoic images appear

Answer 39

white on the screen

Question 40

hypoechoic images appear

Answer 40

gray on the screen

Question 41

anechoic images appear

Answer 41

black

Question 42

isoechoic images appear

Answer 42

same echogenicity as surrounding tissue