U1 AOS 1 Revision

Question 1

Health

Answer 1

A state of complete physical, social and mental wellbeing, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

Question 2

Wellbeing

Answer 2

A complex combination of all dimensions of health, characterised by an equilibrium in which an individual feels happy, healthy, capable and engaged.

Question 3

Optimal Health and Wellbeing

Answer 3

The best possible state of an individual’s health and wellbeing for their age.

Question 4

Physical Health and Wellbeing

Answer 4

• relates to the functioning of the body and its systems
• includes the physical capacity to perform daily activities or tasks
• supported by factors such as regular physical activity, consuming a balanced diet, having appropriate rest/sleep, maintaining an ideal body weight and the absence of illness, disease or injury”

Question 5

Mental Health and Wellbeing

Answer 5

• the current state of wellbeing relating to the mind or brain
• relates to the ability to think and process information in order to positively form opinions and make decisions”

Question 6

Social Health and Wellbeing

Answer 6

• relates to the ability to form meaningful and satisfying relationships with others and the ability to manage or adapt appropriately to different social situations
• includes the level of support provided by family and within a community to ensure that every person has equal opportunity to function as a contributing member of society
• supported by strong communication skills, empathy for others and a sense of personal responsibility”

Question 7

Emotional Health and Wellbeing

Answer 7

• ability to express feelings in a positive way
• positive management and expression of emotional actions and reactions as well as the ability to display daily resilience
• is the degree to which you feel emotionally secure and relaxed in everyday life”

Question 8

Spiritual Health and Wellbeing

Answer 8

• not material in nature but relates to ideas, beliefs, values and ethics that arise in the minds and conscience of human beings
• includes the concepts of hope, peace, a guiding sense of meaning or value and reflection on your place in the world
• can be highly individualised, for example, in some spiritual traditions, health may relate to organised religion, a higher power and prayer, while in other practices it can relate to morals, values, a sense or purpose in life, connection or belonging

Question 9

Dynamic

Answer 9

Constantly changing

Question 10

Subjective

Answer 10

Influenced by or based on a person’s feelings, opinions and experiences

Question 11

Relationship

Answer 11

A connection between two or more people and their involvement with, and behaviour towards, one another

Question 12

Health Status

Answer 12

An individual’s or population’s overall health, taking into account various aspects such as life expectancy, amount of disability, and levels of disease risk factors.

Question 13

Self-Assessed Health Status

Answer 13

An overall measure of a population’s health based on a person’s own perceptions of their health.

Question 14

Life Expectancy

Answer 14

An indication of how long a person can expect to live; it is the number of years of life remaining to a person at a particular age if death rates do not change.

Question 15

Health-Adjusted Life Expectancy

Answer 15

A measure of burden of disease, based on life expectancy at birth, but including an adjustment for time spent in poor health. It is the number of years in full health that a person can expect to live based on current rates of ill-health and mortality.

Question 16

Mortality

Answer 16

The number of deaths caused by a particular disease, illness or other environmental factors

Question 17

Morbidity

Answer 17

Refers to ill health in an individual and the levels of ill-health in a population or group.

Question 18

Burden of Disease

Answer 18

• a measure of the impact of diseases and injuries
• measures the gap between the current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability
• is measured in a unit called the DALY

Question 19

Incidence

Answer 19

The number or rate of new cases of a particular condition during a specific time.

Question 20

Prevalence

Answer 20

The number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time.

Question 21

Disability Adjusted Life Year

Answer 21

• a measure of burden of disease
• one DALY equals one year of healthy life lost due to premature death and time lived with illness, disease or injury.

Question 22

Years of Life Lost (YLL)

Answer 22

The fatal burden of disease of a population, defined as the years of life lost due to death.

Question 23

Years of Life Lost due to Disability (YLD)

Answer 23

the non-fatal component of the burden of disease; a measurement of the healthy years lost due to diseases or injuries.

Question 24

Rates of Hospitalisation

Answer 24

The number of patients who experience an episode of admitted patient care.

Question 25

Core Activity Limitation

Answer 25

Refers to needing assistance with self-care, mobility and/or communication.

Question 26

Psychological Distress

Answer 26

Refers to an individual’s overall level of psychological strain or pain, and the unpleasant feelings and emotions an individual experiences, that interferes with their ability to perform daily activities.

Question 27

Sociocultural Factors

Answer 27

• aspects of society and the social evironment that impacts on health and wellbeing and overall levels of health status
• family, income, education, social networks (peer group), housing, access to health information and support services, employment,

Question 28

Housing

Answer 28

• basic human right
• quality of housing is closely linked to income
• issues with housing - housing quality (poor housing has a negative impact on mental H&W, hazards and injury potential), overcrowding (too many people, strain on resources, creates conflict and stress) and homelessness (24% of total homeless people are between 12-24 years old)

Question 29

Family

Answer 29

• Two or more people, one of whom is aged 15 or over, who are related by blood, marriage (registered or de facto), adoption, step or fostering, and who usually reide in the same household
• first social group an individual interacts
  has the most significant impact on our knowledge and values in the early years of life
• act as role models for both healthy and unhealthy behaviours

Question 30

Peer Group

Question 31

Income

Question 32

Access to Health and Wellbeing information and support services

Question 33

Education

Question 34

Employment