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Skel Radd B > Tumors 4 > Flashcards

Tumors 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Ewing’s Tumor: Malignant neoplasm arising from __ cell of __ reticulum. Included histologically as a __ cell lesion in group with myeloma, lymphosarcoma, leukemia, and reticulum cell carcinoma. Next MC primary malignancy of bone after ___.

A

stem
marrow
round
chondrosarcoma

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2
Q

Ewing’s: MC: Sex, age

A

M>F 2:1

most age 5-30 with peak at 15

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3
Q

Ewing’s: MC sites

A

Long bones in younger patients, flat bones in older

-often diaphyseal

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4
Q

Ewing’s: Typical Periosteal Rxn?

A

Onion skin

  • often with large soft tissue component
  • GRIM prognosis, improved recently with better chemo.
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5
Q

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL): Primary NHL may represent tumors of post-germinal center __-cells. WHat is stage 1?

A

Primary lesion only (node, bone, other)

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6
Q

NHL Stage 2

A

Nodes involved in more than 2 anatomic regions on the same side of the diaphragm

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7
Q

NHL Stage 3

A

Nodes involved on both sides of the diaphragm

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8
Q

NHL Stage 4

A

Bony Mets

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9
Q

NHL: 4 grades

A

Low grade
Intermediate grade
High Grade
Miscellaneous

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10
Q 
Plasma cell (Multiple) Myeloma (MM): MAlignant proliferation of \_\_ cells with infiltration of \_\_ \_\_
***MC primary malignant bone tumor of bone!***
A

plasma

bone marrow

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11
Q

2 presentations of Plasma Cell (Multiple) Myeloma

A

MM- 75%
Plasmacytoma (25%)
-Most pts. with plasmacytoma will develop MM

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12
Q

MM S&S

A

Bone pain, esp back and chest- red marrow!
weakness
weight loss
fever, bleeding, and neurologic signs may be present

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13
Q

MM: Lab Findings

A

Serum protein electrophoresis + in 80-90% pts.
Bence-jones proeinuria in 40-60% pts
-lab may be normal w/ plasmacytoma

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14
Q

MM: Xray findings; What kind of lesions? Sclerotic margin?

A

-discrete, well circumscribed lytic lesions without sclerotic margin (punched out)
-vertebral collapse and/or path fx common
-

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15
Q

Plasmacytoma: Lesion type? What kind of appearance?

A

Expansile, geopraphic, lytic

Soap-Bubble appearance

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16
Q

Osteosarcoma: 2nd MC primary bone malignancy. __% of all bone malignancies. MC ages? MC sex?

A

20
75% between 10-25 years
2:1 M:F

17
Q

Osteosarcoma: Elevated __ __

A

Alkaline Phosphatase

18
Q

Osteosarcoma Subtypes

A

Conventional
Parosteal
Periosteal
Multicentric

19
Q

Osteosarcoma MC sites:

A

Knee and prox. humerus- reported everywhere

  • Metaphysis
  • rare in spine
20
Q

Osteosarcoma pattern distribution

A 
50% sclerotic
25% lytic
25% mixed
-soft tissue mass w/ calcification and/or ossification
-bone to bone metastasis not common
-multiple primaries rare
21
Q

Osteosarcoma lesion pattern

A

Classically Sunburst/ Spiculated

permeative/ moth eaten

22
Q

Osteosarcoma: treatment

A

Amputation and chemo

23
Q

Parosteal Osteosarcoma AKA

A

Juxtacortical sarcoma

24
Q

Parosteal Osteosarcoma: MC ages, MC sites

A

2nd-4th decade
Almost exclusively long bones
-Usually femur (92%), tibia and humerus
-most of remaining in fibula, radius, and ulna

25
Q

2 types of juxtacortical sarcomas

A

Parosteal Osteosarcoma

Periosteal Osteogenic sarcoma

26
Q

Parosteal Osteosarcoma: WHat sign is associated with this?

A

Tumor grows along/around bone, wider than base= “String Sign” of radiolucency between tumor and adjacent cortex
-also may be “daughter masses”

27
Q

Parosteal Osteosarcoma: MAtrix of lesion

A
  • non-homogenous, spiculated matrix

- tumor does not outgrow base

28
Q

Parosteal Osteosarcoma: Classic x-ray chatracteristic

A

cloud like ossification posterior to distal femur

29
Q

Chondrosarcoma: Malignant lesion of ___ origin. May arise in any bone preformed in __. MC sites?

A 
chondroblastic
cartilage
Inominate- 27%
Prox. Femur- 22%
Ribs- 14%
30
Q

Chondrosarcoma: MC Ages

A

50% > 40 y/o

remaining 50% in 20-40 y/o range

31
Q

Chondrosarcoma: MC sex, clinical manifestations

A 
Males 2:1
Palpable, hard mass may be present
low grade, local pain
slow growing, over years
metastasizes late
32
Q

Chondrosarcoma: MC sites

A

Prox. femur and pelvis- 50%
Long tubular bones 45%
Ribs 15%
Shoulder 13%

33
Q

Chondrosarcoma: Lesion type, name of classic calcification?

A

Geographic, expansile- may be large (remember pic. of the big ass mass on the leg)
Calcification of matrix common
*“Popcorn” or “Rings and broken rings”

Skel Radd B (9 decks)

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