tumor immunology Flashcards
comparison between benign and malignant cancer cells
benign: small - grow slowly - cells are differentiated - localized
malignant: Large - G fast - undifferentiated - metastasize
etiology of cancer
1-genatic
2- environmental factors ( more common)
mutation in which genes increase the risk of developing ovarian and breast cancer
BRCA1 OR BRCA2 ( tumor suppressor genes)
PROTO ONCO GENES helps in what
cell division and proliferation
if proto-onco genes have a mutation then it comes…………….which is ……………
on co genes / continue replication
tumor suppressor genes lead to
cancer because its continue replication
types of cancers: carcinoma
Aries from….
e.g…..
epithelial cells
brest cancer lung , and skin carcinomas
the most common
types of cancers: lymphoma
Aries from….
e.g…..
production of
-2ry lymphoid tissue
nodes/ spleen
excessive production of lymphocytes
types of cancers:leukemia
Aries from….
e.g…..
excessive production of
-malignancy of blood forming tissue
bone marrow
WBCs “leucocytes”
types of cancers: sarcoma
Aries from….
e.g…..
bone and soft tissues
muscles
component of tumor
-very complex
comprised of
cancer cells
ECM “extracellular matrix”
blood vessels
stromal “fibroblast/pericyte”
infiltrating immune cells
which cells from infiltrating immune cells contribute to killing tumor
CD8+ T cells
NK
effector T cells
which cells have ONLY promotion roles in the tumor
Treg cells and MDSC
which cells have ONLY inhibition roles in the tumor
NK and effector T cells
“CD8+ T-cells”
what is the role that dendritic cells have on tumors?
dual roles in the TME “same effect of tumor-associated macrophages and neutrophil
