Transcription & Translation Basics Flashcards
1
Q
What is splicing?
A
Introns removed.
- Endonucleases remove introns from middle of chain
- Exonucleases degrade polynucleotide from the ends.
2
Q
What are some features of mRNA?
A
- RNA polymerase 2
- 100,000s kinds
- Few copies of each present
3
Q
What are some features of rRNA?
A
- RNA polymerase 1
- few kinds
- many copies of each
4
Q
What are some features of tRNA?
A
- RNA polymerase 3
- around 100 types
- many copies of each
- uncharged without bound amino acid
5
Q
What is the difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic rRNA subunits?
A
Eukaryotic- 60S-80S subunit + 40S subunits
Prokaryotic- 50S-70S subunit + 30S subunits
6
Q
What is the potential effect of a mutation that affects the stop codon?
A
Longer, non functional protein
7
Q
How is gene expression in bacteria different?
A
- Simple promotors
- Simpler ribosomes
- Coupled transcription and translation
- Single RNA polymerase
- No post-transcriptional processing
- Short lived mRNA
8
Q
Where does transcription take place?
A
nucleus
9
Q
Where does translation take place?
A
cytoplasm
10
Q
Outline some properties of the genetic code
A
- triplet code
- degenerate
- non-overlapping
