Tort Law Weeks 1-4

Question 1

Intentional

Answer 1

Letang v Cooper [1965]
Fowler v Lanning [1959]
Fagan v Commissioner of Metropolitan Police [1969]

Question 2

Direct

Answer 2

Scott v Shepherd (1773)

Dodwell v Burford (1670)

Question 3

Application of Force

Answer 3

R v Cotesworth [1704]
Collins v Wilcock [1984]
Cole v Turner (1704)
Nash v Sheen [1953]

Question 4

Hostility

Answer 4

Wilson v Pringle [1987]

Question 5

Words and Silence can be Assault

Answer 5

R V Wilson [1955]
Tuberville v Savage [1669]
R v Ireland [ 1997]

Question 6

Apprehension of Immediate Battery

Answer 6

Thomas v NUM [1986]
R v St George [1840]
Stephens v Myers (1830)

Question 7

False Imprisonment

Answer 7

Iqbal v Prison Officers Association [2009]
Bird v Jones (1845)
Murray v Ministry of Defence [1988]
Archibald Nugent Robinson v Balmain New Ferry Company, Ltd [1910]

Question 8

Self-Defence

Answer 8

Cockroft v Smith [1705]

Lane v Holloway [1968]

Question 9

Consent

Answer 9

R v Wilson [1997]
Lane v Holloway [1968]
In Re F [1990]
Chatterton v Gerson [1981]
Wainwright v Home Office [2002]

Question 10

Necessity

Answer 10

Re A (Conjoined Twins: Medical Treatment) [2001]

Question 11

Statutory Authority

Answer 11

Criminal Law Act 1987 (Lawful Arrest)

Question 12

Residuary Trespass

Answer 12

Wilkinson v Downton [1897]

Wainwright v Home Office [2002]

Question 13

Three Stage Test for Duty of Care

Answer 13

Caparo Industries plc v Dickman [1990]

Question 14

Failed Duty of Care

Answer 14

Failed Duty of Care
Brooks v Commissioner of Police for the Metropolis [2005]
Murphy v Brentwood (1991)
Anns v Merton LBC [1978]
White v Jones [1995]

Question 15

Duty of Care Authority: Doctor – Patient

Answer 15

Cassidy v Ministry of Health (1951)

Question 16

Duty of Care: Manufacturer – Customer

Answer 16

Donoghue v Stevenson (1932)

Question 17

Duty of Care Authority: Employer – Employee

Answer 17

Wilson v English (1938)

Question 18

Duty of Care Authority: Employee – Employee

Answer 18

ICI v Shatwell (1965)

Question 19

Duty of Care Authority: Driver – Other Road User

Answer 19

Nettleship v Weston (1969)

Question 20

Duty of Care Authority: Ambulance

Answer 20

Kent v Griffiths (2000)

Question 21

Duty of Care Authority: Fire Brigade

Answer 21

Capital Counties v Hampshire (1996)

Question 22

Duty of Care Authority: Coast Guard

Answer 22

OLL v SoS for the Home Department (1997)

Question 23

Exceptions to the Omissions rule in Duty of Care

Answer 23

Stansbie v Troman [1948]
Reeves v Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis [2000]
Costello v Chief Constable of Northumbria (1999)
Barret v Ministry of Defence [1995]
Capital Counties v Hampshire (1996)

Question 24

Omissions: Failure to Prevent Third Party Harm

Answer 24

Proximity of Defendant and Claimant: Hill v Chief Constable of West Yorkshire [1988], Osman v Ferguson [1993]
Proximity of Defendant and Third Party: Home Office v Dorset Yacht Co [1970]
The Creation of Danger: Robinson v Chief Constable of West Yorkshire Police (2018)
Dangers on the Defendant’s Premises: Smith v Littlewoods Organisation Ltd [1987] AC 241

Question 25

Problem Category: Police

Answer 25

Rigby v Chief Constable of Northampton [1985] Robinson v Chief Constable of West Yorkshire Police (2018) Reeves v Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis [2000] Swinney v Chief Constable of Northumbria Police [1997] An Informer v A Chief Constable (2012) Costello v Chief Constable of Northumbria (1999) Hill v Chief Constable of West Yorkshire [1988] 2 WLR 1049 Osman v Ferguson [1993] 4 All ER 344 Michael v Chief Constable of South Wales Police [2015] Leach v Chief Constable of Gloucester (1999)

Question 26

Problem Category: Local Authorities

Answer 26

X v Bedfordshire CC [1995]

Question 27

Breach of Duty: General Principle and Miscellaneous

Answer 27

Wilsher v Essex (1987) Hall v Brooklands Auto Racing [1933] Carmarthenshire CC v Lewis (1955) Glasgow Corporation v Muir (1943) , Lord Macmillan

Question 28

A Choice of Standards of Care

Answer 28

Nettleship v Weston (1969) Wells v Cooper (1958) Philips v William Whitely (1938 Wilsher v Essex (1987)

Question 29

Lower Standard of Care: Illness/Disability

Answer 29

Roberts v Ramsbottom (1980) Mansfield v Weetabix (1998) Dunnage v Randall (2015)

Question 30

Lower Standard of Care: Child defendants

Answer 30

Mullins v Richards (1998) | Orchard v Lee (2009)

Question 31

Lower Standard of Care: Sports cases

Answer 31

Condon v Basi (1985) | Watson v Gray (1998)

Question 32

Standard for professionals

Answer 32

Bolam v Friern Hospital Management (1957) Roe v Minister of Health [1954] Maynard v West Midlands (1984) Re Herald of Free Enterprise (1987) Bolitho v City and Hackney HA (1998) Cattley v St John Ambulance Brigade (1988)

Question 33

Likelihood of harm

Answer 33

Wagon Mound No 2 (1967) Pearson v Lightning (1998) Haley v London Electricity Board (1965)

Question 34

Magnitude of harm

Answer 34

Paris v Stepney BC (1951) | Watson v British Boxing Board (2001)

Question 35

Cost and practicality of precautions

Answer 35

Latimer v AEC (1953) Knight v Home Office (1990) Bolton v Stone (1951)

Question 36

Utility/Benefit of action

Answer 36

Daborn v Bath Tramways [1946] Ward v London (1938) Watt v Hertfordshire CC (1954) Mahon v Osborne [1939]