Topic B- THEORIES

Question 1

Does Gesell’s maturation theory support nature or nurture?

Answer 1

Nature

Question 2

What was the approach Gesell develop?

Answer 2

Normative approach

Question 3

What did Gesell suggest development is?

Answer 3

Predetermined

Question 4

What did Gesell say about the environment?

Answer 4

Environment has little influence and learning difficulties are hereditary not caused by the environment

Question 5

What do critics say about Gesell’s maturation theory?

Answer 5

His theory isn’t helpful to explain individual or cultural differences in children which may be influenced by their environment

Question 6

Does Bandira’s social learning theory support nature or nurture?

Answer 6

Nurture

Question 7

What did Bandura suggest?

Answer 7

Learning occurs through observing behaviour of role models and other children

Question 8

What are the 4 stages of behavioural learning?

Answer 8

1) Child observes behaviour from role model
2) Child internalises behaviour by remembering what they observed
3) Child will reproduce behaviour when opportunity occurs
4) Child will decide whether to repeat behaviour based on positive or negative reinforcement

Question 9

Does the stress diathesis model support nature or nurture?

Answer 9

Both

Question 10

What does the “Nurture” and “Nature” refer to in the stress diathesis model and what is the result of both?

Answer 10

Nurture- stress
Nature - genetic predisposition (diathesis)
Leads to - Psychological ill health

Question 11

What does the stress diathesis model suggest?

Answer 11

Some individuals have a genetic predisposition and if stress occurs it can trigger the onset of behaviour