Topic 8 - Exchange and Transports

Question 1

define respiration

Answer 1

-exothermic reaction
-that occurs continuously in all living cells

Question 1

what does respiration release and from what?

Answer 1

energy from glucose

Question 2

where does respiration transfer energy to?

Answer 2

a molecule in cells called ATP

Question 3

what is the word equation for respiration?

Answer 3

glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water (+ATP)

Question 4

what is the balanced chemical equation for respiration?

Answer 4

c6h12o6 + 6o6 -> 6co2 + 6h2o

Question 5

where does aerobic respiration happen?

Answer 5

in the mitochondria of the cells

Question 6

what does anaerobic respiration happen without?

Answer 6

oxygen

Question 7

what are the 2 differences between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration?

Answer 7

-faster than aerobic
-makes less ATP

Question 8

what is the word equation for animal and bacteria anaerobic respiration?

Answer 8

glucose -> lactic acid (+some ATP)

Question 9

why is anaerobic less preferable for animal and bacterial cells?

Answer 9

leads to muscle cramps due to a build up of lactic acid

Question 10

what is the word equation for anaerobic respiration with plants and fungi?

Answer 10

glucose -> ethanol + carbon dioxide

Question 11

what does glucose come from for respiration?

Answer 11

food

Question 12

how is co2 released from the body after aerobic respiration?

Answer 12

exhaled

Question 13

how is h2o released from the body after aerobic respiration?

Answer 13

urine, sweat, water vapour

Question 14

what 4 things is energy in respiration used for?

Answer 14

movement, biosynthesis, active transport, maintaining body temperature

Question 15

how is energy from respiration used in movement?

Answer 15

muscle contraction e.g. heart beating

Question 16

how is energy from respiration used in biosynthesis?

Answer 16

building up molecules from small ones e.g. glucose -> starch
-needed for making new cells for growth or repair

Question 17

how is energy from respiration used in active transport?

Answer 17

across cell membrane absorbing food from guts

Question 18

how is energy from respiration used in maintaining body temp?

Answer 18

esp in mammals/birds it can speed up/ slow down chemical reactions denaturing enzymes

Question 19

(measuring the rate of respiration prac) what is the purpose of soda lime?

Answer 19

it absorbs carbon dioxide released by the woodlice

Question 20

(measuring the rate of respiration prac) give 2 reasons for using cotton wool

Answer 20

-porous so co2 can go thru
-stops the woodlice from getting to the soda lime as it is toxic for them

Question 21

(measuring the rate of respiration prac) how was a constant temp achieved?

Answer 21

by using a water bath so the heat released by respiration (it is exothermic) gets absorbed

Question 22

(measuring the rate of respiration prac) why is maintaining a constant temp important?

Answer 22

heat makes gas expand

Question 23

(measuring the rate of respiration prac) what does the coloured fluid show?

Answer 23

the volume of oxygen gas that has been used up

Question 24

(measuring the rate of respiration prac) what is the purpose of the control tube

Answer 24

so there is a balance in mass, but it is inert so any change is due to the live organism

Question 25

(measuring the rate of respiration prac) why does the co2 breathed out not cause the fluid to move towards the control tube

Answer 25

becuz it is absorbed by the soda lime

Question 26

(measuring the rate of respiration prac) why b4 starting the experiment do u have to reset the syringe?

Answer 26

the pressure would change due to the temp of the water bath