Topic 6 - The rate and extent of chemical change Flashcards
1) What is a catalyst?
2) What does it mean if the mass of the reaction is the same at the start and end?
3) How does it work?
1) A subtance that speeds up a chemical reaction, without getting used up itself.
2) It means that the catalyst is not used up during the reaction.
3) it provides an altertnative path for the reaction to occur. It has a lower activation energy as more successful collisions occur.
1) Name two chemical processes that require a catalyst and identify the catalyst.
2) What is the role of cataylsts found in catalytic converters?
- Haber process; iron
- Contact process; vandium pentoxide
It removes toxic exhaust gases by converting them into harmless products.
What are the benefits of using a catalyst in industries?
1) Using a catalyst requires less energy to raise tempertures/pressure and needs less money to produce the product, and results into more profit for the company.
2) As the catalyst lowers the tempertures, it requires less fossil fuels to be burnt, and less CO2 is released into the atmosphere.
1) What are the biological catalysts?
2) What is their function in the body?
1) They are the enzyemes used by living things to speed up chemical reactions without getting used up.
2) They catalyse reactions to spped up the rate of reaction such as digestion, respiration and DNA replication.
How do scientists ensure that the catalysts are effective as possble?
They arrange particles in particular shapes and sizes to maximise the effectiveness of a catalyst, mainly maximising the surface area of catalyst exposed to the reactants which is helping the development of fuel cells.
1) Define bond energy
2) Equation to calculate overall enthalpy change
3) If the answer is negative/positive answer, which type of reaction is it?
The amount of energy needed to break the bond between two atoms.
Sum of energy in - sum of energy out
Negative = endothermic
Positve exothermic
Measuring reaction
Change in mass:
