TOPIC 6: GENE TECHNOLOGIES Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Stages of gene transfer

A

1) The useful gene of the DNA of an organism is cut using a restriction enzyme
2) it leaves one of the DNA strands with unpaired bases (sticky ends)
3) the bacterial plasmid DNA is cut using the same restriction enzyme (complementary to sticky ends)
4) the useful gene and the plasmid are mixed together with ligase and joins them together
5) It creates a recombinant plasmid that is inserted into the bacteria
6) the bacteria replicates and expresses the gene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Examples of genetic engineering

A

hormones: insulin to treat diabetes
antibiotics: penicillin
blood clotting: factor VIII to treat haemophilia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Benefits and Risks of using Genetic Engineering in Medicine

A

Benefits: production of medicine, vaccine, reduces spread of disease
Risks: unknown long-term consequences, ethical objections on animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Characteristics of Stem Cells

A
  • undifferentiated
  • ability to divide themselves
  • they can specialise into any body cell
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

embryonic cell

A

they can give rise to any type of cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

As cell mature….

A

they lose their ability to divide (they stop dividing and die)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where can you find stem cells

A

bone marrow, embryonic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Medical Applications of Stem Cells

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Selective Breeding

A

animals with desirable characteristics are bred together. This process is repeated over many generations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

example of genetic engineering

A

the production of penicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly