Topic 1-4: Photo's & their important to history of sci and tech

Question 1

Describe the importance of this photo

Answer 1

• The Encyclopedia
• Edite my Diderot & D’alembert
• Analytical dictionary of sciences, arts & trades
• Technology and the way people made their living was taking seriosuly b/c of this book

Question 2

Describe the importance of this photo

Answer 2

• A plate from ‘The Encyclopedia’ showing Jethro Tull’s plough
• new agriculture techniques
• The Northfolk system

Question 3

Describe the importance of this photo

Answer 3

• plate from encyclopedia
• showing some of the 18 seperate operations involved in manufacturing pins
• Adam Smith in The Wealth of Nations used the operation of a pin factory to show the advantages of the division of labour

Question 4

Describe the importance of this photo

Answer 4

• plate from Encyclopedia
• shows charcoal-blast furnace for making iron
• the bellows are driven by a waterwheel on the left

Question 5

Describe the importance of this photo

Answer 5

• plate from encyclopedia
• part of the sequnce of operation involved in making glass

Question 6

Describe the importance of this photo

Answer 6

• steam power
• as mine shafts got deeper it became harder to remove ground water
• Solved by Thomas Newcomens ATMOSPHERIC ENGINE
• alternativily heated & cooled the cylinder making it inefficient unless it was right near the coal mine where fuel was inexpensive

Question 7

Describe the importance of this photo

Answer 7

• James Watt Steam Engine
• greatly improved Necomens steam engine by making it more efficient & lower operating costs
• condensed the steam in a condense seprate from the main cylinder so it can remain hot throughout entire cycle

Question 8

Describe the importance of this photo

Answer 8

• The industrial age
• The Crystal Palace
• made for an internation exposition in London
• Was a cast-iron & glass structure

Question 9

Describe the importance of this photo

Answer 9

• The Flying Shuttle”
• Invented by John Kay
• increased efficiency of weaving
• increased demand for thread (seriosu bottleneck)

Question 10

Describe the importance of this photo

Answer 10

• John Watts invention
• The pumping engine

Question 11

Describe the importance of this photo

Answer 11

• Joseph Priestly
• Used lens to focus suns heat on mecur oxide ontop of inverted tube standing in dish full of mecury
• any air given off would push down level of mecury
• found it was no ordinary air by using mouse to see it’s “goodness” mouse lived longer in tube
• Found the gas was oxygen