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ANAPHY > TISSUES > Flashcards

TISSUES Flashcards

1
Q

group of cells that are similar in structure and function

A

tissues

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2
Q

study of tissues

A

histology

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3
Q

covering, lining and glandular tissue of the body

A

epithelial tissue

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4
Q

4 primary types of tissues

A

epithelial
connective
muscle
nervous

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5
Q

the surface of the epithelium exposed to the body’s exterior or to a cavity ALSO FREE SURFACE)

A

APICAL SURFACE

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5
Q

function: absoroption, protection, filtration, secretion

A

epithelial tissue

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6
Q

the bottom edge of the cell or tissue adjacent to the basement membrane

A

basal surface

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7
Q

single layer of flattened cells with disc shaped central nuclei and sparse cytoplasm, the simplest of epithelia

A

simple squamous epithelia

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7
Q

a thin pliable sheet like type of extracellular matrix that provides cell and tissue support

A

basement membrane

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7
Q

location: kidney glomeruli, air sac lungs, lining heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessel, lining of the ventral body cavity SEOSAE

A

simple squamous epithelia

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8
Q

allows passage of materials by diffusion and filtration in sites where protection is not important; produces lubricating fluid in SEROSAE

A

simple squamous epithelia

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9
Q

single layer of cube like cells with large, spherical central nuclei

A

simple cuboidal epithelium

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10
Q

secretion and absorption

A

simple cuboidal epithelium

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11
Q

loc: kidney tubules, ducts, secretory portions of small glands, ovary surface

A

simple cuboidal epithelium

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12
Q

function: secretion, particularly of mucus by ciliary action

A

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

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12
Q

single layer of tall cells with round to oval nuclei; some cells bear cilia; layer may contain mucus secreting unicellular glands (GOBLET CELLS)

A

simple columnar epithelium

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13
Q

function: absorption, secretion of mucus, enzymes and other substances; ciliated type propels mucus (OR REPRODUCTIVE CELLS) by ciliary action

A

simple columnar epithelium

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14
Q

location: non ciliated type lines most of the digestive tract (STOMACH TO ANAL CANAL), gallbladder, and excretory ducts and some glands; ciliated variety lines small bronchi, uterine tubes, and some regions of the uterus

A

simple columnar epithelium

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14
Q

single layer of cells of different heights, some not reaching the free surface; nuclei seen at different levels; may contain mucus secreting goblet and bear cilia

A

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

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15
Q

protects underlying tissues in areas subjected to abrasion

A

stratified squamous epithelium

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15
Q

location: non ciliated type in male’s sperm carrying ducts and ducts of large glands; ciliated variety lines the trachea most of the upper respiratory tract

A

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

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16
Q

thick membrane composed of several cell layers; Basal cells are cuboidal or columnar and metabolically active; surface cells are flattened (squamous); in the keratinized type, the surface cells are full of keratin and dead; basal cells are active in mitosis and produce the cells of more superficial layers

A

stratified squamous epithelium

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16
Q

location: nonkeratinized type forms the moist linings of the esophagus, mouth, and vagina; keratinized variety forms type epidermis of the skin, a dry membrane

A

stratified squamous epithelium

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17
Q

generally 2 layers of cubelike cells

A

stratified cuboidal epithelium

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18
Q

location: largest ducts of sweat glands, mammary glands, and salivary glands

A

stratified cuboidal epithelium

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19
Q

several cell layers; basal cells usually cuboidal; superficial cells elongated and columnar

A

stratified columnar epithelium

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20
Q

protection, secretion

A

stratified columnar epithelium

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21
Q

location: rare in the body; small amounts in male urethra and in large ducts of some glands

A

stratified columnar epithelium

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22
Q

resembles both stratifies squamous and stratified cuboidal; basal cells cuboidal or columnar; surface cells dome shaped or squamous like depending on degree of organ stretch

A

transitional epithelium

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23
Q

stretches ready and permits distension of urinary organ by contained urine

A

transitional epithelium

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24
Q

location: lines the ureters, bladders, and part of the urethra

A

transitional epithelium

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25
Q

*connects body parts
*found anywhere in the body’
*consists of living cells surrounded by extracellular matrix

A

connective tissue

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26
Q

cell, collagen, other fiber

A

loose connective tissue

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27
Q

fat droplets, cell nucleus

A

adipose tissue

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28
Q

wbc, rbc, plasma

A

blood

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29
Q

cell nucleus collagen fibers

A

fibrous connective tissue

30
Q

cells, matrix

A

cartilage (END OF A BONE)

31
Q

*produced by the connective tissue cells then secreted to the exterior
*composed of ground substance and protein fibers

A

extracellular matrix

31
Q

protecting., suppoirting, binding together othger body tissues

A

connective tissue

31
Q

central canal, matrix, cells

A

bone

32
Q

hard, calcified matrix containing many collagen fibers, osteocytes lie in lacunae, very well vascularized

A

bone tissue (osseus tissue)

33
Q

functions: supports and protects (by enclosing); provides levers for the muscles to act on; stores calcium and other materials and fat; marrow inside bones is the site for blood cell formation (hematopoiesis)

A

bone tissue/osseus tissue

34
Q

location: bones

A
35
Q

function: supports and reinforces; serves as resilient cushion; resists comprehensive stress

A

hyaline cartilage

36
Q

amorphous but firm matrix; collagen fibers form and imperceptible network; chondroblasts produce matrix and, when mature (chondrocytes) lie in lacunae

A

hyaline cartilage

37
Q

loc: forms most of the embryonic skeleton; covers the ends of long bones in joint cavities; forms costal cartilages of the ribs; cartilages of the nose, trachea and larynx

A

hyaline cartilage

38
Q

matrix similar to but less firm than that hyaline cartilage; thick collagen fibers predominate

A

fibrocartilage

39
Q

function: tensile strength with the ability to absorb comprehensive shock

A

fibrocartilage

40
Q

location: intervertebral discs; pubic symphysis; discs of knee joint

A

fibrocartilage

41
Q

similar to hyaline cartilage but more elastic fibers in matrix

A

elastic cartilage

42
Q

functions: maintains the shape of a structure while allowing great flexibility

A

elastic cartilage

43
Q

location: supports the external ear (pina) epiglottis

A

elastic cartilage

44
Q

primarily parallel collagen fibers, a few elastic fibers; major cell type is the fibroblast

A

dense connective tissue

45
Q

loc: tendons, most ligaments, aponeuroses

A

dense connective tissue

45
Q

function: attaches muscles to bones or to muscles; attaches bones to bones; withstands great tensile stress when pulling force is applied in one direction

A

dense connective tissue

46
Q

matrix in areolar connective tissue, but very sparse, closely pack adipocytes, or fat cells have nucleus pushed to the side by large fat droplet

A

adipose connective tissue

47
Q

function: provides reserve food fuel; insulated against heat loss; supports and protects organs

A

adipose connective tisue

48
Q

location: under skin in the hypodermis; around kidneys and eyeballs; within abdomen; in breasts

A

adipose connective tissue

49
Q

network of reticular fibers in a typical loose ground substances; reticular cells lie on the network

A

reticular connective tissue

49
Q

function: fibers form a soft internal skeleton (stroma) that supports other cell types including whbc, mast cells and macrophanges

A

reticular connective issue

50
Q

loc: lymphoid organs (lymph nodes, bone marrow, and spleen)

A

reticular connective tissue

51
Q

gel like matrix with all three fiber types; cells: fibroblasts,

A

areolar connective tiissue

52
Q

function: wraps and cushions organs; its macrophages phagocytize bacteria: plays important role in inflammation; holds and conveys tissue fluid

A
53
Q

location: widely distributed under epithelia of body. ex: forms lamina proporia of mucuos membranes; packages organs; surrounds capillaries

A

areolar connective tissue

54
Q

re and blood cells in a fluid matrix (plasma)

A

blood

55
Q

function: transport respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes

A
56
Q

highly specialized to contact or shorten
generates the force required to produce movement

A

muscle tissue

57
Q

long, cylindrical, multinucleate cells; obvious striations

A

skeletal muscle tissue

58
Q

function: voluntary movement; locomotion; manipulation of the environment; facial expression

A

skeletal muscle tissue

59
Q

location: in skeletal muscles attached to bones or occasionally to skin

A

skeletal muscle tissue

60
Q

branching, striated, generally uninucleate cells that interdigitate at specialized junctions

A

cardiac muscle tissue

61
Q

functions: a it contracts, it propels blood into the circulation; involuntary control

A

cardiac muscle tissue

62
Q

loc: walls of the heart

A

cardiac muscle tissue

63
Q

spindle shaped cells with cental nuclei; no striations; cells arranged closely to form sheets

A

smooth mucle tissue

64
Q

loc: mostly in the walls of hollow organs

A

smooth muscle tissue

65
Q

neurons are branching cells; cell processes that may be quite long extended from the nucleus containing cell body; also contributing to nervous tissue are nonconducting supporting cells, neuroglia

A

nervous tissue

66
Q

functions: propel substances or objects (foostruffs, urine, a baby) along internal passageways; involuntary control

A

smooth muscle tissue

67
Q

internal communication
*brain, spinal cord, nerves

A

nervous tissue

67
Q

functions: transmit electrical signals from sensory receptors and o ffectos (muscles and glands) that control the activity of the effector organs

A

nervous tissue

68
Q

loc: brain, spinal cord, nerves

A

nervous tissue

69
Q

contracts cause movement

A

muscle tissue

70
Q

muscle attached to bone

A

skeletal

71
Q

muscle attached to hollow organs

A

smooth

71
Q

muscle attached to heart

A

cardiac

72
Q

forms boundaries between different environments, protects, secretes, absorbs, filters

A

epithelial tissue

73
Q

lining of the GI TRACT ORGANS AND OTHER HOLLOW ORGANS

A

epithelial tissue

74
Q

tissue in the skin surface

A

epithelial tissue

75
Q

supports, protects, binds other tissues together

A

connective tissue

76
Q

tissue in bones, tendons, fat and other soft padding tissue

A

connective tissue

ANAPHY (4 decks)

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