Tissue Integrity Flashcards
Exam 3
When do velas hairs become terminal?
at puberty
What causes diaper rash?
fecal enzymes, skin wetness, high skin/diaper pH
What are the visual differences between dermatitis and candidiasis?
dermatitis: sharply demarcated edges, does not go into leg folds
Candidiasis: beefy red central erythema, satellite pustules
Treatment for diaper rash:
frequent diaper changes, avoid harsh soaps, Zinc oxide, wipes w/out alcohol, expose area to air.
What is the common name for Seborrheic Dermatitis?
Cradle Cap
What does Cradle Cap look like?
yellow, greasy scale on scalp that becomes dry and flakes
Cradle Cap treatment:
shampoo daily, fine tooth comb to loosen crusts, wait for scale to soften before brushing, low to medium corticosteroid for inflamed lesions
Common name for atopic dermatitis…
Eczema
What is a risk factor for developing eczema?
family history (heredity tendency)
How do you treat Eczema?
hydrate skin, prevent secondary infection, wear clothing with soft fabric and use soaps that are gentle.
do NOT use antifungals w/ corticosteroids.
An infant comes in with dry skin that is itchy and scaly on their cheeks and scalp. They have been rubbing their face on their blanket and not sleeping well. What is the suspected diagnosis?
Atopic dermatitis (eczema)
What is a complication of eczema?
skin infections from rubbing
Tinea capitis:
patches of scaling on the scalp with central hair loss, common 4-14yrs
Tinea Corporis:
raised peripheral scaling and central clearing- looks like ring
Tinea Cruris:
erythema, scaling, maceration of inguinal creases
Tinea Pedis:
red scaling rash on soles and between the toes
What is the common name of tinea pedis?
athlete’s foot
What is the common name for tinea corporis?
ring worm
What is the common name for sarcoptes scabiei?
Scabies
How is scabies spread?
through prolonged close contact where the mite burrowed into the epidermis and deposited the eggs
Clinical manifestations of scabies:
intense puritus, excoriation and burrows, inflammation between the fingers, neck folds, and groin.
How do you treat scabies?
scabicide, linen and clothing washed and dried on high heat, supportive pruritus care for 2-3 weeks
What are important considerations when using Scabicide to treat scabies?
cover the whole body from the neck down, leave on for 8-14 hours at a time
What is the common name for Pediculosis Capitis?
Head lice
How is head lice spread?
close contact where the female louse is able to crawl onto the head. the female louse has blood meal at the scalp and lays eggs at night.
What are the sings and symptoms of head lice?
intense itching of the head behind the ears or at the nape of the neck. nits at the hair shaft that to not move
How do you treat head llice?
fine tooth comb to remove nits, Permethrin 1% cream, have to remove the louse to prevent more eggs, throw out hair brushes
What is an important teaching when treating a child with acne?
Do not squeeze or pick eruptions
Why should you not remove a piece of jewelry from the infected piercing site?
removing it will create an abscess
Chilblain
redness/swelling of hands when exposed, edema, bluish patches, itching/burning
sympt. stay after rewarming and resolve in a few days
Frostbite
tissue damage caused by ice crystals in tissue, blisters appear 24-48hrs after rewarm, immerse affected part in 104 degree water for 10-15 minutes.
