Thyroid Flashcards
Define the arterial blood supply to the thyroid
- superior thyroid artery (first branch of the external carotid)
- Inferior thyroid artery (branch of the thyrocervical trunk)
Define the venous drainage of the thyroid
- superior thyroid vein
- middle thyroid vein
- inferior thyroid vein
What is the thyroid lobe appendage coursing towards the hyoid bone from around the thyroid isthmus
Pyramidal - 50% of people have
What veins do you first see after opening the platysma muscle when performing a thyroidectomy
anterior jugular veins
Name the lymph node group around the pyramidal lobe of the thyroid lobe
Delphian lymph node group
which ligament connects the thyroid to the trachea
Ligament of berry
What is the IMA artery?
Small inerior artery to the thyroid from the aorta or innominate artery
name the most posterior extension of the lateral thyroid lobes?
tubercle of zuckerkandl
Which paired nerves must be carefully identified during a thyroidectomy
recurrent laryngeal nerves
found in the tracheooesophageal grooves and dive behind the cricothyroid muscle; dsmage to these nerves parylses laryngeal abductors and causes hoarseness if unilateral and airway obstruction if bilateral
Which other nerve is at risk during a thyroidectomy and what are the symptoms?
Superior laryngeal nerves - if damaged the patient will have a deeper and quieter voice
Explain thyroid hormone synthesis
Causes of a lump
- goitre
- physiological
- non-toxic
- thyrotoxic
- adenoma - functioning/ non functioning
- cyst
- thyroiditis: Hashimotos, de Quervains
- Carcinoma
Types of goitre
- diffuse goitre
- multinodular goitre
- solitaryn thyroid nodule
Diffuse goitre
- non-toxic
- diffusely involves the whole gland
- not associated with hypo or hyperthyroidism
Diffuse goitre causes
- Physiological
- dietary iodine deficiency
