Threats to biodiversity Flashcards
What are the indirect effects of humans on biodiversity?
RAPID POPULATION GROWTH DEVELOPMENT/ INFRASTRUCTURE AGRICULTURE POLLUTION EXCESSIVE CONSUMPTION
What are the causes of habitat loss and fragmentation?
LANDSCAPE MODIFIED BY HUMAN ACTIVITIES : INFRASTRUCTURE – ROADS, RAIL ETC. LAND CLEARANCE: AGRICULTURE, INDUSTRIAL ETC. FORESTRY DEVELOPMENT: RESIDENTIAL AND INDUSTRIAL ETC RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES
What is the definition of pollution?
The discharge of a toxic or contaminating substance that is likely to have an adverse effect on the natural environment or life
What are the categories of pollution?
Acids and Alkalis Anions Detergents Domestic Sewage Farms waste Food waste Gases Heat Metals Nutrients Oil and oil dispersants Organic toxic wastes Pathogens Pesticides Polychlorinated biphenols Radionuclides
What are the four effects of pollution and their calculations? e.g. Additive….Antago….
Additive (1+1=2) Antagonistic (1+1=0) Synergistic (1+1=3) Potentiating (0+1=3)
What are the six main types of pollution?
Air pollution Water pollution Soil pollution Noise pollution Radioactive pollution Thermal pollution.
What are the causes of air pollution?
Vehicle fumes Industry Forest fires Agriculture
What are the causes of water pollution?
Synthetic agricultural pesticides Heavy metals Excess organic matter Rubbish
What are the causes of soil pollution?
Chemical spills Improper waste disposal Industrial activity
What are the causes of noise pollution?
Traffic Industry Urbanization
What is the cause of radioactive pollution?
Improper waste disposal
What is the cause of thermal pollution?
Burning of fossil fuels Deforestation Soil erosion
What types of disease are there?
Pathogens; Fungi Bacteria Viruses
Give an example of a disease affecting biodiversity
Chestnut Blight. Found on American chestnut in 1904 Virtually wiped out by 1950 Also effects European chestnut, but is more resistant
Give two examples of invasive species
Himalayan Balsam Signal crayfish
Define over-exploitation
Overexploitation is the over use of wildlife and plant species by people for food, clothing, pets, medicine, sport and many other purposes.
Through which measures do we over-exploit?
Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing,
Give three organisations that implement policy in wildlife trade
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) EU Wildlife Trade Regulation Coalition Against Wildlife Trafficking (CAWT) National Wildlife Crime Unit (NWCU)
What are the consequences of climate change
GLOBAL TEMPERATURE AND RAINFALL FLUCTUATIONS EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS SEA LEVEL RISE AIR QUALITY WATER QUALITY AND AVAILABILITY CONDITIONS AND RESOURCES CHANGING SPECIES INTERACTIONS AND COMPOSITIONS FRAGMENTATION REDUCES SPECIES ABILITY TO MIGRATE TO SUITABLE HABITATS IMPACTING ON ALL ECOSYSTEMS, THEREFORE POTENTIAL AFFECTING ALL SPECIES INCLUDING HUMANS
