therapoda 1

Question 1

one of the most famous therapods, almost more famous than t rex

Answer 1

spinosaurus

Question 2

the pelvis defines this clade, has big plate like ilium, a projected ischium pointing back and a pubis pointing forward (anterior). distinctly big hands, no more distal carpal v, twisting of first phalanx of digit 1
metatarsals overlapping in foot

Answer 2

saurischia

Question 3

clade w all taxa sharing a most common ancestor with passer than any sauropodomorph. clawed, narrowed body cursorial bipeds. flattened serrated teeth, constant tooth replacement, vertebrae and limb bones with hollow spaces - similar characteristics to ornithodiran ancestors. come in many shapes and sizes. all birds are this too specifically.

Answer 3

therapoda

Question 4

in therapoda, body is balanced over pelvis, making it easier to ____ because they dont fall forward or back. weight here is = diet. femur is ____ than tibia. big ones have a speed of

Answer 4

run, smaller

Question 5

in therapods, digit ___ is reduced or lost(in derived) in therapoda. digit ___ is rotated towards back of foot typically. terminal phalynx = unguals are last phalanx on digit and are ____

Answer 5

5, 1, claws

Question 6

forearms of tetrapods, digit ____ is semi opposable (hold on things, like thumb), most hav ____ digits in hand, lost digit___ and ____ in hand despite having in ___ foot

Answer 6

1,3,4,5,4

Question 7

therapods had gizzards to help eat and had strong jaws t/f

Answer 7

t - also had gastroliths to ground food, evidence helps us know

Question 8

all saurischians and therapods, have ____ bones, especially in cervical and dorsal vertibre. have air pockets called ____. allow for efficient ______

Answer 8

hollow, pleurocoels, breathing

Question 9

pneumatic foramen =

Answer 9

air opening

Question 10

this clades behaviour characters

Question 11

basal member of saurischia because it has 5 digits and 3 sacral vertibra. hasheterodont dentition (leaf teeth). still has generalized therapyod body

Answer 11

eoraptor

Question 12

all basal therapods. tridactyl foot (4 main digits), 4 or less fingers, have 1st presence of furcula (wish bone - fused clavicles), 5 or more sacral vertibre . new therapod. 221 ma

Answer 12

neotherapoda

Question 13

earliest known therapod bonebed, 1000s of em. basal therapod

Answer 13

coelophysis

Question 14

stiff tail, teeth restricted to front of jaws in front of orbit, larger hands for clutching pews, interlocking caudal vertiibre for counterbalance while running (the stiff tail). include spinosaurus

Answer 14

tetanurae

Question 15

spends time in water catching fish, hunting in river, 100 mill years ago. retracted nostrils to feed in water, short legs, bellies of fish, fin like tail, dense limb bones few air spaces which is character of their water habits

Answer 15

spinosaurus

Question 16

include carnosaurian and coelurosaurian. are bird like tetrapods. still have 3 fingers, air sacs in vertibre suggesting unidirectional breathing

Answer 16

avetheropoda

Question 17

dominant red in mid jurassic to late cretaceous . largest known therapods. large nares and extra snout opening and ant orbital fenestra

Answer 17

carnosaur

Question 18

coelophysis, carnosaurus, ceratosaurs are ____ ____ _______. bc not in clade tetinurae. can find in Morrison formation (jurassic) covering 1.5 million k/m, 200m thick.

Answer 18

non tetanuran neo therapods

Question 19

megalosaurus, tovosaurus, baryons, spinosaurus are all _____ _____ _____

Answer 19

non avetheropoan tetinuran neotherapods

Question 20

giganotosaurus, carcharodontosaurs and allosaurus are all ___ ___ ___ Neo therapods

Answer 20

Carnosaurian Avetheropodan Tetanurans