Theory Flashcards
Facial treatment phases
Increase, balance, decrease
Increase phase
Pre-cleanse, analyze, cleanse and tone, exfoliate
Balance phase
Treat & massage
Decrease phase
Mask & protect
The lower segment of the hair follicle that extends from the follicle base to the insertion of the arrector pili muscle is the bulb.
Bulb
A brief, written account of personal, educational and professional qualifications and experience is known as a:
Resume
What document introduces you to the salon/spa and offers a brief summary of why you would like to be employed at the salon/spa?
Cover letter
Gowns, towels, linens and furniture fabrics are examples of a salon/spa ambiance component known as:
Touchables
Which of the following business types is owned by the shareholders and formed under legal guidelines?
Corporation
Which of the following hair structures serves as a storage for stem cells?
Outer root sheath
The arrector pili muscle causes:
the hair to stand on end
Which hair structure contains melanin to give hair its natural color?
Cortex
What is the term used to describe baby-fine, silky hair on the body at birth?
Lanugo
the active growing stage of hair.
The anagen stage
All of the following statements are true about the telogen stage EXCEPT:
hair is darker during this stage
composed of long nerve fibers, originates in the base of the brain and extends to the base of the spine.
The spinal cord
What system is composed of sensory and motor nerves that extend from the spinal cord and brain to other parts of the body?
peripheral nervous system
Motor nerves carry messages from the brain to the muscles and are also called:
Efferent
The primary motor nerve of the face is the:
Facial nerve
The digestive, respiratory and circulatory systems are controlled by:
Involuntary system
What is the structure and function of epithelial tissue?
covers and protects body surfaces and internal organs
Located at the base of the hair follicle and supplying nourishment to the germinal matrix cells is the:
Papilla
Connective tissue is located in the:
Dermis
Which of the following terms is an example of thermoregulation?
Vasoconstriction
Eighty percent of facial aging is caused by cumulative UV exposure referred to as:
Photoaging
A condition in which a person compulsively picks and squeezes at their acne lesions, causing scabs and scars, is known as
acne excoriée
True or false:
The skin condition that impacts the stratum corneum, acid mantel and capillaries is known as sensitivity.
True
Increased sensitivity is exhibited in which of the following skin types?
Dry
First lay ________ victims down on their back and make sure they have plenty of fresh air.
Fainting
When performing first aid for bleeding wounds, what is the next step after bleeding stops?
Apply bandage
Which of the following actions should occur first if a client experiences a chemical burn?
remove contaminated clothing or jewelry
What steps of the Skin Assessment and Recommendation System are performed during the Consult service essential
Observe and Analyze
All of the following information should be discussed with your client during the Complete service essential EXCEPT:
price of future services
Which is the most common manufacturing safety mark on esthetic devices?
CE Marking
A paraffin heater and LED device are examples of which class of medical device?
Class 2: General controls
Lasers and IPL are classified as:
radiation emitting devices
An esthetician should avoid performing treatments completely on all of the following conditions EXCEPT:
neck/back pain
Inez has a client who received a laser treatment two weeks ago. What modification should she make for the facial?
No exfoliation
Which medication can cause potential photosensitivity, rash and bruising?
Antidepressants
Which of the following guidelines will provide the best results while using a microcurrent device?
use enough electrode gel
One goal of the Decrease phase of a facial treatment is to:
target pigmentation concerns
Which exfoliant product is used before extractions to soften debris?
Desincrustation
Which of the following terms defines the study of maintaining and improving the skin?
Esthetics
How many hours of sleep do most people need to function properly?
6-8 hours
The energy contained in food is measured in:
Calories
Keeping the abdomen flat, the chin level and the head up are key points in having:
Good posture
Bacteria that are harmless and can even be beneficial are called:
Nonpathogenic
Bacterial cells that cause infection and diseases are:
Pathogenic
Infectious bacteria can be easily spread in the workplace in all of the following ways EXCEPT:
Covered nose while sneezing
A communicable disease refers to a disease that is:
Spread from one person to another
A special group or type of antibodies which render a toxic substance harmless are known as:
Antitoxins
Bacteria can enter the body through all of the following ways EXCEPT:
Healthy skin
A difference between viruses and bacterial infections is:
Viruses cannot be treated with antibiotics
What is a highly infectious disease that infects the liver?
Human Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
An infection that is located in a small, confined area is known as a:
Local infection
Efforts to prevent the spread of communicable diseases is described as:
Infection control
Virucidals are disinfectants used to kill:
Viruses
Key product information-such as toxicology, first-aid, firefighting measures and ecological information-is provided by the:
SDS
Examples of personal protective equipment (PPE) include all of the following
EXCEPT:
Select one:
a. apron
b. towels
c. face masks
d. safety glasses
Towels
What is the foundation of infection control efforts and the number one thing you can do to protect yourself and your clients?
Basic handwashing
Which type of light can kill bacteria that cause skin infections?
Ultraviolet light
Which of the following terms means the product is less likely to provoke an allergic reaction?
Hypoallergenic
Ingredients responsible for producing the desired effect are called:
Performance ingredients
Which of the following are ingredients that are likely to block or clog the pores and contribute to papules and pustules?
Comedogenic
Which government agency is responsible for regulating cosmetics in the U.S.?
FDA
Jane noticed in her appointment book that all available appointments were completely scheduled for Thursday. In the industry this is called a(n):
Full book
A client retention strategy in which clients reserve a future appointment before leaving the salon/spa during their current visit is called:
Prebooking
What is considered the best form of advertising?
Word of mouth
Features of a product are its characteristics, which might include:
Size of container
Benefits of a product are all about:
“What it will do”
Services regulated by a cosmetology board or local laws are considered:
In-scope
Surgery to improve the signs of aging in the face, also called a facelift, is:
Rhytidectomy
The removal of excess fat deposits in specific areas of the body with the use of a cannula inserted under the skin is known as:
Liposuction
Injected toxins that block nerve impulses and temporarily paralyze muscles that cause facial wrinkles are called:
Neuromodulators
All of the following terms are examples of post-op complications EXCEPT:
Proper wound healing
How often should a skin analysis be performed?
Every time a client comes in for a service
Reactions that may happen during or after a treatment are known as:
Contra-actions
Any contra-actions noticed during the treatment are included on the:
Consultation record
“Is there anything that could have made your experience better?” is an example of a question you might ask a client on a follow-up call to determine:
Satisfaction
The body system that sends and receives body messages is called the:
Nervous system
The epidermis is composed of how many layers?
5 layers
The acid mantle keeps the surface of the skin slightly acidic, which helps:
Prevent bacteria from entering the body
The arrector pilli muscle causes:
The hair to stand on end
The muscles that create movement based on intentional desire are:
Striated (Voluntary)
In general, muscles affected by massage are massaged from the:
Insertion to origin
Cells that fight bacteria and other foreign substances are called leukocytes or:
White blood cells
Which structure of the lymphatic system is responsible for filtering out bacteria and viruses from the lymph fluid?
Lymph nodes
A manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) massage is an advanced technique used to move lymph and to help in all of the following ways EXCEPT:
Increase the appearance of cellulite
The body’s state of balance is referred to as:
Homeostasis
Jack has been complaining about sciatic pain. In which part of the body is Jack feeling this pain?
begins in lower back and runs through buttocks and down the lower limb
Why is breathing through the nose healthier than breathing through the mouth?
nose contains mucus membranes that filter out dust and dirt
Which of the following is NOT a receptor of skin sensation?
Thermogenesis
Which layer of the skin’s permeability barrier prevents transepidermal water loss (TEWL)?
Acid mantle
A clay mask is beneficial for which skin condition?
Oily, acne prone skin
Comedones, papules and a few pustules describe which grade of acne?
Grade 2
Which of the following is an ingredient used to dry, exfoliate and help in killing bacteria?
Benzoyl peroxide
While reviewing her client’s medication list, Naomi noticed her client takes Accutane. What should Naomi do?
Avoid treatment
During which phase of a facial should the products used be incorporated into the client’s home-care routine?
Decrease
How long after performing a chemical exfoliation or microdermabrasion service should follow-up be completed?
48-72 hours
A neutral oil used to dilute an essential oil is called a(n):
Carrier oil
The only two essential oils suitable for direct contact with the skin are:
Lavender and tea tree
A inick cream or saive made trom the compination or neros and petroleum is called a(n):
Ointment
Which concentrated trace element in sea plants help neutralize free-radical skin damage?
Natural antioxidants
What grade of acne would require a physician’s consent prior to servicing the client?
Grade 3/4
Which of the following actions is a recommended guideline for an acne facial treatment?
Do not try to extract papules
How often should a client return to the salon/spa for a facial treatment for healthy skin maintenance and stress reduction?
Every 4 weeks
Toners are primarily used for:
pH balancing and hydration
All of the following cleaning and disinfection guidelines are true about fan brushes EXCEPT:
Clean with acetone
Store disinfected tools and multi-use supplies in a:
clean, dry, covered container
A loupe is a piece of facial treatment equipment also known as a:
Magnifying lamp
When performing a pre-cleanse, remove the makeup starting at the upper chest and work:
Upward
All of the following are benefits of massage EXCEPT:
Select one:
a. stimulate weak muscles
b. stimulation of glandular activities of the skin
c. increased circulation of the blood supply to the skin
d. decreased circulation of the blood supply to the skin
d. decreased circulation of the blood supply to the skin
To avoid discomfort or possible injury, the esthetician must not apply pressure over all of the following areas EXCEPT:
Select one:
a. fatty areas
b. trachea
c. carotid artery
d. sternocleidomastoid muscle
Fatty areas
A light-pressure massage used to remove waste from the body that also helps with edema, erythema, puffiness, discoloration under the eyes, acne and cellulite is known as:
manual lymph drainage (MLD)
Conditions that prevent treatment are referred to as:
Contraindications
What is the proper way to dispose of unused chemical exfoliants?
saturate with baking soda then place in the trash
Beneficial effects of direct high frequency include all of the following examples EXCEPT:
Select one:
a. induces relaxation
b. stimulates surface tissue
c. reduces inflammation after hair removal
d. helps heal existing papules and pustules
Induces relaxation
Which electrode is held by a client to create a circuit?
Grounding bar electrode
How should facial treatment device equipment be disinfected?
wipe down with an approved EPA-registered disinfectant spray or v wipe
Shondra is performing sparking on an area of extraction. As she uses rapid up-and-down movements, how far should she lift the electrode from the skin?
0.3” (7 mm)
All of the following medical conditions are contraindicated against electrotherapy devices EXCEPT:
Select one:
a. epilepsy
b. pregnancy
c. loss of skin sensation &
d. plates or pins inside body
Epilepsy
When analyzing the skin, make sure that eyes are completely covered, and lamp is:
2”-3” (5-7.5cm) away from the face
At the end of a microdermabrasion treatment, what should be done with used aluminum oxide crystals?
dispose of according to your areas environmental rules
Test the microdermabrasion level on:
Inside of wrist
How should the strip be removed in a soft wax hair removal service?
quickly in opposite direction of hair growth
All of the following guidelines are true for all waxing EXCEPT:
Select one:
a. never double-dip the spatula &
b. check temperature of wax behind the client’s ear
c. check temperature of wax on the inside of your wrist
d. advise client to avoid the sun immediately following a waxing service
check temperature of wax behind the client’s ear
How long should a client discontinue the use of exfoliants following a wax service?
24 hours
All of the following conditions are common bacterial infections an esthetician might see EXCEPT:
Select one:
a. stye
b. impetigo
c. tinea corporis
d. blepharitis
Tinea corporis
Medications an esthetician needs to be aware of before a waxing service include all of the following examples EXCEPT:
Select one:
a. vitamins
b. antibiotics
c. blood thinners
d. antidepressants
Vitamins
A tip for preventing ingrown hair is to remove the wax/strip by pulling:
Parallel, close to skin
Why would a body scrub be used prior to a body wrap or cellulite treatment?
increase treatment effectiveness
What are the two types of application methods for a sunless tanning treatment?
Spray and hand-applied lotion
Absorption and compaction are the principles that create temporary firmness in which type of body wrapping?
compression wrapping
To accommodate male clients, in which direction should an esthetician work to avoid tangling the hair?
Downward
Which of the following conditions is NOT a contraindication for performing a body treatment?
Select one:
a. cancer
b. HIV/AIDS
c. infestations
d. vascular disorder
HIV/AIDS
What colors visually diminish or minimize the appearance of facial features?
Darker colors
Your client Tina has a wide nose, so you decide to use which of the following colors to recede or diminish it’s width?
Darker colors
The type of foundation that should always be on hand because it is suitable for most skin types, provides natural to medium coverage and is easy to apply and blend is:
Liquid
Which concealer tone is chosen to lighten an area?
Select one:
a. pink
b. flesh
c. peach
d. yellow
Flesh
Which facial shape can be visually shortened by applying deeper tones under the chin and horizontally at the hairline?
Select one:
a. pear
b. oblong
c. round
d. square
Oblong
What are reactions that may occur during or after a service called?
Select one:
a. cautions
b. concerns
c. restrictions
d. contraindications
Contraindications
