the structure of the bacterial cell

Question 1

all bacterial cells possess

Answer 1

cytoplasmic membrane
cytoplasm
ribosomes
cytoskeleton
one or a few chromosomes

Question 2

most bacterial cells possess

Answer 2

cell walls
a surface coating called a glucocalyx

Question 3

some but not all bacterial cells possess

Answer 3

flagella, pili, and fimbriae
an outer membrane
plasmids
inclusions
endospores
microcompartments

Question 4

many bacteria function as

Answer 4

independent single-celled unicellular organisms

Question 5

pleomorphism

Answer 5

variation in cell wall structure caused by slight genetic or nutritional differences

bacteria does not have cell wall

Question 6

Bacteria Morphology ex

Answer 6

bacillus
coccus
vibrio
spirillum
spirochete
filaments

Question 7

coccus

Answer 7

cell is spherical or ball-shaped

Question 8

bacillus

Answer 8

a cell that is cylindrical is termed a rod

genus name Bacillus

Question 9

coccobacillus

Answer 9

a rod is short and plump

Question 10

vibrio

Answer 10

gently curved, comma shaped

Question 11

spirillum

Answer 11

spiral shaped body

flagellum at end of cell that moves it

does NOT move like a corkscrew

Question 12

spirochete

Answer 12

spiral cell

axial filament (flagellum) is wrapped around cell

MOVES like corkscrew

Question 13

filament

Answer 13

a few bacteria produce multiple branches off of a basic rod

brainching filaments

Question 14

bacterial arrangements ex

Answer 14

single cocci
diplococci
streptococci
staphylococci

single bacilli
diplpbacilli
streptobacilli

Question 15

diplococci

Answer 15

pairs of cocci

Question 16

steptococci

Answer 16

chains of cocci

Question 17

staphlococci

Answer 17

irregular lusters of cocci

Question 18

diplobacilli

Answer 18

pair of bacilli with ends attached

Question 19

streptobacilli

Answer 19

chain of bacilli

Question 20

3 parts of flagellum

Answer 20

filament
hook (sheath)
basal body

Question 21

filament of flagellum

Answer 21

tail-like projection you see under the microscope

Question 22

hook (sheath) of flagellum

Answer 22

connects filament to the basal body

Question 23

basal body of flagellum

Answer 23

is the motor

anchored in the cell wall and plasma membrane and rotates like a propellor

Question 24

polor arrangemen

Answer 24

flagella attached at one or both end of the cells

Question 25

arrangements of flagella

Answer 25

monotrichous
lophotrichous
amphitrichous
peritrichous

Question 26

monotrichous

Answer 26

single flagellum

Question 27

lophotrichous

Answer 27

small bunches or tufts of flagells emeging from the same site

Question 28

amphitrichous

Answer 28

flagella at both poles of the cell

Question 29

peritrichous

Answer 29

flagella are dispersed randomly over the surface of the cell

Question 30

chemotaxis

Answer 30

movement of bacteria in response to chemical signals

Question 31

posiitive chemotaxis

Answer 31

movement towards favorable chemical stimulus

Question 32

negative chemotaxis

Answer 32

movements away from a repellant

Question 33

run of flagellum

Answer 33

counterclockwise rotation

resulting in smooth linear rotation

Question 34

tumble of flagellum

Answer 34

reversal of the direction of the flagellum

causes cell to stop and change course

Question 35

spirochetes

Answer 35

corkscrew-shaped bacteria

possess an unusual, wirggly mode of locmotion caused by 2 or more long coiled threads the periplasmic flagella or axial filaments

Question 36

periplasmic flagella

Answer 36

aka axial filaments

internal flagellum enclosed in the space between the cell wall and the cytoplasmic membrane

Question 37

appendages for attachment of channel formation

Answer 37

fimbria
pili and nanotubes

Question 38

fimbria

Answer 38

pl fimbriae

small bristle like fibers sprouting off the surface of many bacterial cells

allow tight adhesion between fimbriae and epithelial cells, allowing bacteria to colonize and infect host cells tissues

Question 39

pilus

Answer 39

pl pili

used in conjugation between bacterial cells

well characterized in gram-negative bacteria

type IV pilus can transfer genetic material, act like fimbriae and assist in attachment and act like flagella and make bacterium motile