The Standard Model Flashcards
What is the standard model?
A theory concerning electromagnetic, weak and strong nuclear reactions that classify atomic particles
What are the limitations of the standard model?
- Aspects of general relativity aren’t explained
- Gravity is unexplained
- Dark matter/energy can’t be explained
What is a real photon?
- Emitted when particles accelerate
- Exists indefinitely
- Propagates to infinity unless interrupted
What is a virtual photon?
- Doesn’t exist indefinitely
- Continuously absorbed and re-emitted
- Energy and momentum aren’t related
What are the four fundamental forces?
- Strong
- Weak
- Electromagnetic
- Gravitational
What is the function of the strong force?
It’s the exchange of virtual gluons and functions to hold protons together
(Quarks + Gluons)
What is the function of the weak force?
The exchange of Virtual W and Z bosons that functions to converts neutrons into protons
(Quarks and Leptons)
What is the function of the electromagnetic force?
The exchange of virtual photons that function to hold electrons in place
(W, Quarks and Leptons)
What is the function of the gravitational force?
The exchange of virtual gravitons and is ignored in the subatomic world
(All)
Definition of fermions
Have a spin of one half
Definition of leptons
Have a negative one charge
Definition of quarks
Have a charge of 2/3 or negative 1/3
Definition of hadrons
Integer charges with anything made of quarks/antiquarks
Definition of mesons
Quark and antiquark pairs