The Shoulder/Rotator Cuff

Question 1

Name the 5 Anatomic Regions of the Upper limb and the bones within.

Answer 1

Shoulder region--Scapula and Clavicle.
Arm--Humerus.
Elbow/cubital fossa region.
Forearm--Radius and Ulna.
Wrist/Hand--Carpals, Metacarpals, and Phalanges.

Question 2

What are the six palpable areas of the shoulder region?

Answer 2

Superior border of the clavicle.
Acromion of Scapula.
Greater tubercle of humerus.
Spine of scapula
Medial border of scapula
Inferior angle of scapula.

Question 3

What is the most fractured bone in the body?
What part of the body is anchored to it?
What does it articulate to joints with?
Name its two ends and its main joint?

Answer 3

Clavicle
Anchors arm to body. Does not move.
Discs.
Sternal end, Acromial end, Acromioclavicular joint.

Question 4

Where is the Glenoid cavity.

What is its shape and why is it shaped that way?

Answer 4

On the scapula at the lateral end of the spine.
A shallow cavity like a golf tee.
Gives the humerus freedom of movement.

Question 5

What is the name given to the two tubercles and groove
What are their official names?
What goes through the groove?

Answer 5

Greater Intertuberculatesser.
Greater tubercle.
Lesser tubercle.
Intertubercular groove.
Biceps femoris (long head) tendon.

Question 6

What is the official name for the shoulder joint?
What surrounds the head of the humerus?
What is it like?
What ligament does the tendon of the long head biceps brachii travel through at the groove?

Answer 6

Glenohumeral joint.
Glenohumeral ligament and Coracohumeral lig.
Capsule like a sock. Allows lots of movement.
Transverse humeral lig.

Question 7

Where does all the support for the shoulder come from?

Answer 7

Muscles and ligaments.

Question 8

Name the six Scapulohumoral muscles.

Answer 8

Deltoid
Teres major
Supraspinatus.
Infraspinatus.
Teres minor.
Subscapularis.

Question 9

What are the four rotator cuff proper m?
F?
What is a rotator tear?

Answer 9

Suprapinatus.
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Subscapularis.
Rotation/Stabilization.
A tear of one tendon of one of the muscles.

Question 10

Deltoid
A? 4
F? 3
N? 1

Answer 10

A: Clavicle, Spine of scapula, acromion, deltoid tuberosity.
F: Abductor (past 15”), Flex arm at shoulder, Extend arm.
N: Axillary n.

Question 11

Supraspinatus
A? 2
F? 2
N?

Answer 11

A: Supraspinous foss (Fills whole fossa), runs under Acromium, Greater tuberosity of humerus.
F: Abductor (Initiates 1st 15 degrees of abd. before deltoid takes over.
N: Suprascapular N.

Question 12

Infraspinatus
A? 2
F?
N?

Answer 12

A: Infraspinous fossa, Greater tuberosity
F: Lateral roatation (hand goes out and bacK)
N: Suprascapular n.

Question 13

Teres Minor
A? 2
F?
N?

Answer 13

A: Lateral border of Scapula, Greater tuberosity
F: Lateral rotation (pulls humerus posterially)
N: Axillary n. (teres minor and deltoid)

Question 14

Subscapularis
A? 2
F? 1
N? 2

Answer 14

A: Subscapular fossa, Lesser tuberosity
F: Medial rotation (Stronger action than lateral rotation. Due to larger muscle groups associate with action.)
N: Upper and Lower supscapular n.

Question 15

Teres Major
A? 2
F? 2
N?
What landmark does it form?

Answer 15

A; Inferior angle of scapula, Anterior humerus (ant hum, post. scapula)
F: Medial rotation, Secures humeral head during abd. (Pulls humerus head in joint during abduction.)
N: Lower subscapular n.
Forms lower border of axilla (armpit)

Question 16

What is the Teres Major not?

Size compared to minor?

Answer 16

NOT a rotator cuff muscle.

Bigger.

Question 17

What is the relationship between the subscapularis and teres major? (2)

Answer 17

Both are medial rotators, have anterior attachments, are geographically close to each other, and both share the lower subscapular n.