The reproductive system(even better!)

Question 1

Male sex cells

Answer 1

sperm

Question 2

Female sex cells

Answer 2

oocytes

Question 3

Sex cells contain

Answer 3

23 chromosomes

Question 4

Primary sex organs of male

Answer 4

Testes-produce sperm and hormones

Question 5

Accessory sex organs of make

Answer 5

Internal and external reproductive organs

Question 6

Structure of balls

Answer 6

-Each test is made up of 250 lobules
-Seminiferous tubules contain spermatogenic cells
-Interstitial cells lie between the seminiferous tubules and produce the male sex hormone

Question 7

The internal accessory organs of male reproductive tract include:

Answer 7

1.2 epididymides
2.2 ductus deferntia
3. 2 ejaculatory ducts
4. 2 seminal vesicles
5. The prostate gland
6. 2 bulbourethral glands

Question 8

Epididymis

Answer 8

-site of sperm maturation
-sperm will become motile and develop the ability to fertilize an eg

Question 9

Ductus Deferens

Answer 9

-empties into ejaculatory duct
-ejaculatory duct travels through prostate gland and empties in the urethra

Question 10

Seminal Vesicles

Answer 10

-sacklike structure
-Contains prostaglandin to help propel sperm to egg cell
-Helps regulate ph in vagina

Question 11

Prostate gland and bulbourethral glands

Answer 11

Prostate
-chestnut shape structure
-secrets citrate which is one enzyme to help liquefy semen
Bulbourethral
-Small glands inferior to prostate gland
-lubricates the tip of penis in response to being horny

Question 12

Male external reproductive organs

Answer 12

1. Scrotum
   -pouch of skin that has the testes
   -sperm production needs temp 5 F cooler than core
   2.Penis
   -Takes urine and semen ourisde
   -Contains specialized erectile tissue which gets hard when horny

Question 13

The organs of the female system do the following

Answer 13

1.Produce sex cells(egg cells, oocytes)
2.Transport the cells to fertilization
3.Provide environment for developing fetus
4. Transport the offspring to outside
5. Produce female sex hormones

Question 14

Primary sex organs

Answer 14

-ovaries which produce sec cells and hormones

Question 16

Secondary sex organs

Answer 16

-consist of external and internal reproductive organs

Question 17

Ovaries

Answer 17

1.Medulla-made up of connective tissue, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves
2.Cortex- contains ovarian follicles and is covered by cuboidal epithelium

Question 18

Uterine tubes

Answer 18

-lead from ovary to uterus
-near each ovary, the uterine tube expands to form infundibulum
-the cells lining the tubes bear cilia which draws the egg cell into uterine tube
-site of fertilization

Question 19

Uterus

Answer 19

-hollow pear shaped organ
-lower one third of uterus is the cervix which extends into vagina

Question 20

Uterine wall has 3 layers

Answer 20

1. An inner glandular endometrium
   2.Muscular wall or myometrium
   3.Outer perimetric

Question 21

The external accessory reproductive organs of female include

Answer 21

1. Clitoris
2. Labia majora(encloses and protects external reproductive organs)
   3.Labia minora(forms a hood around clit)
   4.Vestibular glands(provide lubrication)
   5.Vulva(structures surrounding the opening of urethra)

Question 22

Mitosis

Answer 22

-used to increase number of cells
-regulated carefully so that each of two daughter cells receives an exact copy of mother cells genetic material
-human cells have 46 chromosomes after mitosis

Question 23

Meiosis

Answer 23

-rare type, used for gametogenesis for sperm and egg production
-mature gametes half half the normal number of chromosomes as normal body cells
-human cells have 23 chromosomes after meiosis

Question 24

Spermatogenesis

Answer 24

-cells called spermatogonia, each containing 46 chromosome
-during embryonic development, hormones stimulate this to undergo mitosis
-The type a cell remains spermatogonium
The type B cell becomes primary spermatocyte

Question 25

Under the influence of testosterone, primary spermatocytes..

Answer 25

undergo a special sex cell division called meiosis

Question 26

2 successive divisions in meiosis

Answer 26

-first and second meiotic divisions
-one primary spermatocyte will eventually produce 4 spermatid with 23 chromosomes
- each spermatid then matures into sperm cell

Question 27

Parts of a sperm

Answer 27

1. A head contains a haploid nucleus and an acrosome
   2.A mid piece containing mitochondria
   3.A flagellum provides lashing movements to propel the sperm through fluids

Question 28

Oogenesis

Answer 28

-process of oocyte production
-small group of cells form million of primordial follicles, each consisting of primary oocyte surrounded by follicular cells
-When the primary oocyte undergoes meiosis I it gives it a large haploids secondary oocyte and a tiny first polar body
-If fertilization occurs, (meiosisII) gives a large egg and a tiny second polar body

Question 29

Zygote

Answer 29

-forms at the end of meiosisII when the chromosomes of the sperms and ovum combine

Question 30

Ovulation

Answer 30

-process of releasing the secondary oocyte from the mature astral follicle and surface ovary
-if not fertilized within 12-24 hours it will degenerate

Question 31

Prostate specific antigen test

Answer 31

-blood test that measures PSA, a substance made by prostate. Higher levels could indicate cancer

Question 32

Digital rectal exam

Answer 32

-Physical exam of prostate through the rectum.

Question 33

sperm

Answer 33

-the head contains a haploid nucleus
-the tail propels the sperm to the egg