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Opthalmology > The Red Eye > Flashcards

The Red Eye Flashcards

1
Q

what is blepharitis

A

inflammed eye lids

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2
Q

What are the two types of anterior blepharitis

A

seborrhoeic scales on lashes
staphlococcal
lid margin is redder than deep part

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3
Q

What is posterior blepharitis and what does it look like

A

meibomian gland dysfunction
redness is in deeper part of lid
lid margin often looks normal

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4
Q

what are the symptoms of blepharitis

A

gritty eyes
foreign body sensation
discharge
associated with conjunctivitis, kerititis and episcleritis

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5
Q

What are the signs of seborroeic anterior blepharitis

A

lid margin red
scales\dandfruft
no ulceration and lashes unaffected

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6
Q

what are the sings of staoh anterior blepharitis

A 
lid margin red
distroted lashes
loss of lashes
ingrowing lashes 
styes
ulcers of lid
corneal staining
marginal ulcers
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7
Q

what condition is posterior blepharitis associated

A

acne rosacea

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8
Q

What are the signs of posterior blepharitis

A

lid margin skin and lashes unaffected
MG openings pouting and swollen
inspissated (dried) secetion at gland opening
meibomian cysts

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9
Q

what is the treatment of blepharitis

A

lid hygeine
tear drop supplements
oral doxycycline for 2-3months

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10
Q

what is important about the symptoms of conjunctivitis

A

vision is unaffected

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11
Q

what are the signs of conjunctivitis

A 
red eye- more towards the fornices
discharge- serous or mucopurlent
papillae or follicles
sub conj haemorrhage
chemosis
if viral may have raised pre auricular nodes
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12
Q

what causes follicular conjunctivitis

A

viral
chlamydial
drugs eg propine, trusopt

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13
Q

what causes central corneal ulcers

A

infective

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14
Q

what causes peripheral corneal ulcers

A

autoimmune
rheumatoid arthritis
hypersensitivity
wegeners

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15
Q

what are the symptoms of corneal ulcers

A 
pain is needle like and severe
photophobia
profuse lacrimation
reduced vision
red eye- circumcorneal
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16
Q

What are the signs of corneal ulcers

A 
redness
corneal reflex is abnoral
corneal opacity
staining with fluorescien
hypopyon
17
Q

When can you get exposure keratitis

A

thyroid

VII palsy

18
Q

When do you get keratoconjunctivitis sicca

A

Sjogrens

19
Q

What infections give you neurotrophic keratitis

A

h zoster or V1

20
Q

What vit deficiency can give you corneal ulcer

A

vitamen A

21
Q

what is the treatment of corneal ulcers

A

swab to determine cause
ofloxacin hourly if bacterial
aciclovir ointment 5 times daily if viral
anti inflammatory if autoimmune

22
Q

give autoimmune causes of anterior uveitis

A

reiters
ulc colitis
ank spondylitis
sarcoidosis

23
Q

give infective causes of anterior uveitis

A

TB
syphilis
herpes simpex
herpes zoster

24
Q

What malignancy can cause anterior uveitis

A

leukemia

25
Q

what are the symptoms of anterior uveitis

A

pain
vision reduced
photophobia
red eye circumcorneal

26
Q

What are the signs of anterior uveitis

A 
ciliary injection
cells and flare in anterior chamber
keratic precipitates
hypopyon
synechiae- irregular pupil
27
Q

how do you manage anterior uveitis

A

topical steroids- prednisolone

mydriatics -cyclopentolate

28
Q

What is episcleritis associated with

A

gout

29
Q

what is scleritis associated with

A

rheumatoid
wegners
uveuitis commonly associated

30
Q

what is the treatment of scleritis

A

oral NSAIDs
oral steroids
steroid sparing agents

31
Q

What is the appearance of scleritis

A

injection of deep vascular plexus- violaceous hue

32
Q

how can you differentiate between episcelritis and scleritis

A

Scleritis may be differentiated from episcleritis by using phenylephrine or neosynephrine eye drops, which causes blanching of the blood vessels in episcleritis, but not in scleritis.

33
Q

what group of peolple is closed angle glaucoma more common in

A

elderly with hypermetroic thick glasses

34
Q

what are the signs and symptoms of acute closed angle glaucoma

A 
severe pain
nausea
circumcorneal injection
cornea cloudy 
pupil mid dilated
eye stony hard

Opthalmology (12 decks)

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