The plant kingdom Flashcards
What are phylum bryophytes?
they are small green plants with a thallus stricture that have no veins and no proper roots, they live in damp humid places because they have no way of preventing water loss. They have rhizoids with hairs to absorb water. They reproduce by spores being held in capsules
What are phylum pteridophytes ?
They live in damp places but survive because they have a waxy cuticle to prevent water loss. They can grow bigger than bryophytes because have they vascular bundles. They have rhizome, a stem that grows underground in a horizontal position and has roots growing out of it, They reproduce by spores that grow on the underside of their fronds in sacs called sori.
What are phylum gymnosperms?
they are also known as cornifers, they can live in cold and dry climates since they have many ways of preventing water loss. They reproduce by producing seeds in cones.
What are phylum angiosperms?
they are plants that have seed-bearing flowers, their seeds are protected inside the fruits. They range in size and they are divided into 2, monocotyledons and dicotyledons.
What is a monocotyledon?
They are made up of one cotyledon with a long leaf and parallel veins, they have a fibrous root system, petal grouped in multiples of 2 and 3, vascular bundles are at the periphery of the stem.
What is a dicotyledon?
They are made up of 2 cotyledons with broad leaf and branched veins with a tap root system, the petals are grouped in multiples of 4 or 5, vascular bundles are found throughout the stem.
