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English > The Odyssey (Characters to Know) > Flashcards

The Odyssey (Characters to Know) Flashcards

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1
Q

Odysseus

A
  • Son of Laertes and Anticlea, father of Telemachus, husband of Penelope.
  • King of Ithaca
  • Greek Hero in the Trojan War
  • Stranded in the sea for 20 years
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2
Q

Penelope

A
  • The wife of Odysseus

- mother of Telemachus

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3
Q

Telemachus

A
  • Son of Odysseus and Penelope

- journeys to find news about his father

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4
Q

Laertes

A

Father of Odysseus

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5
Q

Anticleia

A

Mother of Odysseus

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6
Q

Menelaus

A
  • The king of Sparta
  • Husband of Helen
  • led the Spartan contingent of the Greek army
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7
Q

Helen

A
  • Most Beautiful women in the world
  • wife of Menelaus
  • daughter of Zeus and Leda
  • sister of Clytemnestra, Castor, Polydeuces..
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8
Q

Nestor

A
  • The Wise king of Pylos
  • His wife was Eurydice or Anaxibia.
    CHILDREN:
    Pisistratus, Thrasymedes, Pisidice, Polycaste, Perseus, Stratichus, Aretus, Echephron, and Antilochus.
  • Returned to Pylos safely because they did not participate in the looting of Troy upon the Greeks’ victory
  • sends Pisistratus as Telemachus’ escort.
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9
Q

Pisistratus

A
  • Son of King Nestor

- goes with Telemachus to go see Agamemnon.

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10
Q

Alcinous

A
  • King of the Phaeacians (on Scheria)
  • Grandson of Poseidon.
  • helped Odysseus get home
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11
Q

Aeolus

A
  • The master of the winds
  • lives on Aeolia
  • In charge of the north, south, east, and west winds.
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12
Q

Calypso

A
  • A nymph who captured Odysseus for 7 years

- She lived on the mythical island of Ogygia

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13
Q

Circe

A
  • The Goddess of Magic and sometimes a nymph, witch, enchantress.
  • Daughter of Helios and Perse (ocean Nymph)
  • She transforms her enemies into wild beast
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14
Q

Clytemnestra

A
  • The wife of Agamemnon
  • Queen of Argos
  • Murders her husband
  • had an affair with Aegisthus
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15
Q

Eidothea

A
  • Eidothea was a prophetic sea-nymph
  • Daughter of the Proteus (old man of the sea)
  • Helped Menelaus reveal prophesies and helped him get home.
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16
Q

Nausicaa

A
  • Female Character who was the daughter of Alcinous and Arete
  • Helped Odysseus after his ship wreck the Poseidon caused after he left Ogygia
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17
Q

Arete

A
  • Queen of the Phaeacians
  • Wife of Alcinous
  • Mother of Nausicaa
18
Q

Cicones

A
  • Were a Thracian Tribe
  • were attacked by Odysseus.
  • Ganged up to fight back and later forced Odysseus to retreat.
19
Q

Lotus Eaters

A
  • were a race of people or tribe that lived on an island dominated by lotus plants.
  • Lotus fruits caused them to sleep in peaceful apathy
  • Lotus eaters caused Odysseus’ men to have blissful forgetfulness when they were blown off course by a north wind.
20
Q

Polyphemus

A
  • was the giant son of Poseidon.
  • he was a cyclops
  • Polyphemus attacked Odysseus and his men by eating them up.
  • Later, Odysseus came up with a plan to puncture his eye which ultimately blinded his eye.
  • Polyphemus asked his father to punish him since he knew his name. ( Odysseus )
21
Q

Laestrygonians

A
  • A race of powerful cannibal giants, who are rued by Antiphates the king.
  • The Laestrygonians attacked Odysseus and his after they were invited into the kings palace and at the Laestrygonians Land.
22
Q

Tiresias

A
  • A blind prophet of Apollo.
  • Lived in Thebes.
  • Gave Odysseus advice on how to continue his voyage to Ithaca. (Underworld)
23
Q

Sirens

A
  • Dangerous Sea-nymphs that lured nearby sailors with their enchanting music and voices to shipwreck on their rocky coast of their island.
  • They enticed Odysseus while he was sailing past their island. But Odysseus clogged his men ears so that they kept moving past them while he was tied to a post.
24
Q

Scylla

A
  • A monster that lived on one side of a narrow channel of water.
  • She attacked Odysseus while he was sailing past her by snatching up six of his men.
  • she had six heads on her waist.
25
Q

Charybdis

A
  • was a giant whirlpool monster that lived opposite of Scylla.
  • She attacked Odysseus while she was gulping down the water causing some his men to fall into her mouth.
26
Q

Eurycleia

A
  • The aged and loyal servant who nursed Odysseus and Telemachus - Eurycleia is well informed about palace intrigues and serves as confidante to her masters.
  • She keeps Telemachus’s journey secret from Penelope
  • keeps Odysseus’s identity a secret after she recognizes a scar on his leg.
27
Q

Eumaeus

A
  • Odysseus’ lifelong friend who he knew since he was little

- He was the swineherd/ servant who tended Odysseus’ livestock

28
Q

Philoetius

A
  • was the cowherd and Odysseus’ loyal servant
  • helped him out in his plot to slaughter the suitors.
  • Philoetius locked all the suitors in Odysseus’s home and took all of their weapons.
29
Q

Athena/ Mentor

A
  • Goddess of Wisdom.
  • Daughter of Zeus
  • she saves Odysseus from the full force of Poseidon’s wrath
  • She uses her supreme intellect to advocate on Odysseus’ behalf before the council of the Gods on Olympus.
  • She helps Odysseus fight the suitors, helps him deal with his stress, and protects him.
  • She helps Telemachus find the news he needs about his father by encouraging and teaching him along the way.
  • she protects Telemachus.
30
Q

Zeus

A
  • is the sky and thunder god in ancient Greek religion, who ruled as king of the gods of Mount Olympus.
  • mediates the disputes of the gods on Mount Olympus.
    Zeus weighed men’s fates in his scales. He sometimes helps Odysseus or permits Athena to do the same.
  • He sometimes punishes Odysseus
  • He allows Athena to help Odysseus, and he allows Poseidon to hurt him.
31
Q

Helios

A
  • The Sun God
  • keeps herds of oxen and sheep on the island of Sicily.
  • Asks Zeus to punish Odysseus and his men for slaughtering his cattle.
32
Q

Hermes

A
  • Son of Zeus and Maia
  • the messenger of the Olympic gods.
  • Helped Odysseus Twice: He gave him the magical herb Moly to protect him form Circe’s witchery, and he convinced Calypso to let him off of her island.
33
Q

Proteus

A
  • Lived on the island of Pharos
  • He was the old man of the sea and herdsman of the sea-beast.
  • Subject to Poseidon.
  • shape shifter
  • told Menalaus a prophecy about his friends Odyssey, Ajax, Agamemnon.
34
Q

Poseidon

A
  • The Olympian God of the sea, earthquakes, floods, drought, and horses.
  • Despises Odysseus for blinding his son
  • constantly hampers Odysseus’ Journey home.
  • Antagonist
35
Q

Antinous

A
  • The most arrogant of the suitors.
  • leads the campaign to have Telemachus killed
  • he never portrayed sympathy.
  • first to die when Odysseus returns
  • leader of the Suitors.
36
Q

Eurymachus

A
  • the other leading suitor with Antinous

- gives the suitors advice and tries to lead them after Antinous dies

37
Q

Agamemnon

A
  • Former king of Mycenae
  • brother of Menelaus
  • commander of Achaean forces at Troy.
  • murder by his wife and Aegisthus. (Orestes avenges him and kill both of them)
38
Q

Orestes

A
  • returns to his homeland and avenges his father by slaying both his mother and Aegisthus.
39
Q

Aegisthus

A
  • Aegisthus murdered Agamemnon with the consent of Clytemnestra.
  • He stayed back from the war of Troy and had an affair with Clytemnestra.
40
Q

Elpenor

A
  • One of Odysseus’ men who died during their time at Circe’ halls by getting drunk and falling off a roof, which broke his neck.
  • he went to the underworld and met Odysseus their.
  • He asks Odysseus to bury him somewhere and to not leave him behind.

English (4 decks)

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