The Neuron

Question 1

where does AP arise?

Answer 1

axon hillock

Question 1

what is a action potential?

Answer 1

electrical signal within neurons

Question 2

what happens in the axon hillock?

Answer 2

AP arises

Question 3

what is a neurotransmitter?

Answer 3

chemical signal between neurons

Question 4

what does an excitatory NT do?

Answer 4

increases the probability that a postsynaptic neuron will fire an AP (e.g. glutamate).

Question 5

example of an excitatory NT

Answer 5

glutamate

Question 6

is glutamate excitatory or inhibitory?

Answer 6

excitatory

Question 7

what does an inhibitory NT do?

Answer 7

decreases the probability that a postsynaptic neuron will fire an AP (e.g. GABA).

Question 8

example of an inhibitory NT

Answer 8

GABA

Question 9

is GABA inhibitory or excitatory

Answer 9

inhibitory

Question 10

what is the myelin sheath formed by in the PNS?

Answer 10

Schwann cells

Question 11

what is the myelin sheath formed by in the CNS?

Answer 11

oligodendrocytes

Question 12

where is the myelin sheath formed by schwann cells?

Answer 12

PNS

Question 13

where is the myelin sheath formed by oligodendrocytes?

Answer 13

CNS

Question 14

role of the myeline sheath/what does it mean for the neuron?

Answer 14

• Useful for electrical insulation.
• Allows faster transmittance and less leakage.

Question 15

what colour matter contains myelinated neurons?

Answer 15

White matter contains myelinated neurons (shown white due to the fat), and grey matter contains non-myelinated (and shorter) neurons.