The Lymphatic System Flashcards
tissues with significant populations of lymphocytes
spleen, tonsils, thymus, appendix, lymph vessels, lymph nodes and nodules, bone marrow, gut-associated lymphatic tissue
functions of the lymphatic system
drain excess fluid
re-circulate proteins
absorb emulsified fats via lacteals
body defense mechanism including humoral and cell-mediated immunity
humoral immunity
B-cells that differentiate into plasma cells for antibodty production
cell-mediated immunity
T-cells that become killer cells
Describe the growth curves of the lymphatic system, the brain, the reproductive system, and in general.
lymphatic system grows to a peak in early childhood and then shrinks as a person goes into adulthood
general plan of lymph drainage
lymph enters the lymphatic capillaries and eventually enters the blood stream at the junction of the internal jugular and subclavian veins at the root of the neck
lymphatic capillaries
bein blindly with no connection to blood capillaries
endothelial cells have no basal lamina and the cells have gaps between them
Describe the flow of lympth through the lymph nodes.
afferent lymphatic vessels -> sub-capsular, trabecular, and medullary sinuses -> efferent lymphatics
PALS
periarterial lymphatic sheats - lymphatic tissue surrounding arteries
stratification of flow through the body wall
lymph vessels above the umbilicus -> drain into axillary lymph nodes -> going deep to form subclavian trunk
lymph vessels below the umbilicus -> drain int the superficial inguinal lymph nodes -> pierces the deep body wall -> deep inguinal nodes
deep lymph flow towards the veins of the neck
primpary pathway goes from plexus of lymphatic vessels and nodes around the abdominal aorta -> cranial flow through abdomen -> aortic lymphatics converge on dilated cysterna chyli below diaphragm -> continues as the thoracic duct -> junctions to left internal jugular and subclavian veins
three routes lymph can use to enter the blood
jugular trunks
subclavian trunks
bronchomediastinal trunks
thoracic duct
continuation of the cysterna chili, which continues from the diaphragm to the junction of the left internal jugular and subclavian veins
cysterna chyli
lymphatic structure formed from the convergence of the aortic lymphatics
dilation before the thoracic duct
axillary or superficial inguinal nodes
the location where most lymph in the superficial body wall first drains into