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Anatomy I FINAL EXAM > THE LOWER EXTREMITY P.137 > Flashcards

THE LOWER EXTREMITY P.137 Flashcards

1
Q

Coxa

A

hip

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2
Q

Femur

A

thigh

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3
Q

Sura

A

calf

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4
Q

Talus

A

ankle

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5
Q

Pes

A

foot

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6
Q

Calx

A

heel

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7
Q

Planta

A

sole

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8
Q

Ischial tuberosity is the origin of which muscles?

A

Biceps femoris, semi-tend, semi-mem, quadrate femoris, inferior gemellus

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9
Q

How does the injury hip pointer happen?

A

injury to ASIS

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10
Q

Which border of the tibia can you actually palpate?

A

medial border

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11
Q

Where does the anterior and posterior tibial vein pass?

A

through the tibial and fibula, proximal interosseous membrane

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12
Q

Coxa valga (valgum)

A

knees outwards

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13
Q

Coxa vara (varum)

A

knees together

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14
Q

Retroversion (angle of anteversion)

A

penguin feet, toes outward

*look more into this

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15
Q

Angle for coxa valga

A

Higher than 145 ish degrees of femur head

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16
Q

Angle of coxa vara

A

Below 120 degrees ish of femur head

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17
Q

Normal femur degrees

A

120 is normal

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18
Q

Normal range of anteversion

A

15 to 20 degrees

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19
Q

Which bones are a part of the knee joint?

A

Femur, tibia, patella

Not fibula

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20
Q

Medial collateral ligament is attached to the ___________ and _________________.

A

capsule, medial meniscus

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21
Q

Difference between medial and lateral collateral ligament.

A

Lateral collateral ligament is not attached to the capsule.

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22
Q

What helps the medial collateral ligament?

A

semimembranosus

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23
Q

How does semimembranosus help medial collateral lig?

A

stability of knee

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24
Q

What combination of things stop hyperextension?

A

Lateral collateral ligament, medial collateral ligament, semimembranosus

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25
Q

Coxa vara causes genu _________.

A

genu valga

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26
Q

Coxa valga causes genu _________.

A

genu varum

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27
Q

Which ligament is round and short: medial or lateral collateral ligament?

A

lateral

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28
Q

Which ligament is long and flat: medial or lateral collateral ligament?

A

medial

29
Q

Whats between the lateral collateral ligament?

A

bursa and popliteus

30
Q

What helps the lateral collateral ligament stabilize the lateral knee?

A

Tendon of biceps femoris, tendon of popliteus, IT tract

31
Q

What does ALL stand for?

A

anterolateral lig.

32
Q

Which are intracapsular/intraarticular ligaments?

A

ACL and PCL

33
Q

Where does the anterior cruciate ligament go?

A

goes posterior/superior to lateral femoral condyle

34
Q

What does the anterior cruciate ligament prevent?

A

external tibial rotation and anterior glide of tibia on femur

35
Q

Where does the posterior cruciate ligament go?

A

Proceeds anteriorly/superiorly to medial femoral condyle

36
Q

What does the posterior cruciate ligament prevent?

A

Prevents excessive tibial internal rotation and posterior glide of tibia.

37
Q

Do the menisci bring nutrients to the joint?

A

no

38
Q

Menisci are (vascular/avascular).

A

avascular

39
Q

What kind of cartilage are menisci?

A

fibrocartilage

40
Q

What do the menisci do?

A

cushions, shock absorbers, facilitates lubrication

41
Q

Where do the horns of he menisci attach?

A

intercondylar eminence

42
Q

Medial menisci has what shape?

A

C-shape

43
Q

Lateral menisci has what shape?

A

round

44
Q

The joint capsule of the knee is strengthened by which 3 things?

A

Oblique popliteal lig, arcuate popliteal lig, medial/lateral patellar retinaculum

45
Q

Where does the arcuate popliteal lig finish?

A

on head of fibula

46
Q

The talocrural joint is what type of joint?

A

hinge

47
Q

Which actions is the talocrural joint responsible for? And of what degrees…

A

dorsi (20 degrees) and plantar flexion (50 degrees), abduction (16 degrees)

48
Q

Inversion and eversion takes place at which joint?

A

Talocalcaneal jnt

49
Q

Which bones are involved in the talocalcaneal joint?

A

talus, calcaneous

50
Q

Which bones are involved in the talocrural joint?

A

Talus, fibula, tibia

51
Q

The talocalcaneal joint is what type of joint?

A

gliding joint

52
Q

Which ligaments make up the deltoid ligaments of the foot?

A

theres 5???

53
Q

The deltoid ligaments are medial or lateral?

A

medial

54
Q

A high ankle sprain is considered what type of ankle sprain?

A

Syndesmosis sprain

55
Q

What does the anterior/posterior tibiofibular lig do?

A

prevents excessive spreading of tibia and fibula

56
Q

What type of joint is calcaneocuboid?

A

gliding

57
Q

What type of joint is calcaneonavicular?

A

gliding

58
Q

What makes up the medial longitudinal arch?

A

talus, calcaneous, navicular, 3 cuneiforms, first 3 metatarsals, first 3 phalanges

double check

59
Q

What makes up the lateral longitudinal arch?

A

4 and 5 metatarsals, calcaneous, cuboid, 4 and 5 phalanges

double check

60
Q

What makes up the transverse arch?

A

cuboid, 3 cuneiforms

61
Q

Upper pelvic aperature of lesser (true) pelvis

A

From sacral promontory to symphysis pubis

62
Q

Lower pelvic aperature of lesser (true) pelvis

A

From arcuate pubic ligament to tip of coccyx posteriorly.

63
Q

The lower pelvic aperature of lesser (true) pelvis is bound to what laterally?

A

Bound to ischal tuberosities lateral

64
Q

Which aperature is diamond shaped?

A

The lower pelvic aperature of lesser (true) pelvis

65
Q

Where does the greater pelvis (false) extend?

A

above pelvic aperature to iliac crests

66
Q

What is the content of the pelvis?

A

Most pelvic organs

67
Q

Pelvic size in degrees of male

A

60 degrees

68
Q

Pelvic size in degrees of female

A

90 degrees, for child bearing

Anatomy I FINAL EXAM (4 decks)

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