the function of the endocrine system (glands and hormones) Flashcards

1
Q

the endocrine system

A

one of the bodys information systems that instructs glands to release hormones directly into the blood stream
- which are carried towards target cells in the body

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2
Q

gland

A

an organ that synthesises substances such as hormones

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3
Q

hormones

A

chemical substances that circulate in the bloodstream but only effect target organs by binding to receptor sites

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4
Q

when enough receptor sites are stimulated by a hormone this brings about

A

a physiological response

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5
Q

outline how hormones bring about a response

A
  • endocrine system secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream in response to a signal from the brain
  • hormones travel to target cells and stimulate receptors on the surface of these cells
  • the presence of a hormone causes a physiological reaction in the cell which alters its activity
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6
Q

the pituitary gland is also known as

A

the master gland

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7
Q

the pituitary gland secretes

A

hormones that influence the release of hormones from other glands eg ACTH regulating the endocrine system

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8
Q

the adrenal gland secretes

A

adrenaline used for the fight or flight response

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9
Q

testes secrete

A

testosterone (male sex hormones)

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10
Q

the ovaries secrete

A

oestrogen and progesterone (female sex hormones)

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11
Q

the thyroid gland secretes

A

thyroxine which increases heart rate and metabolic rate

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12
Q

the pineal gland secretes

A

melatonin which helps regulate the sleep wake cycle

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13
Q

the pancreas secretes

A

insulin and glucagon which help control blood glucose levels

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