The Constitution (Devolution) Flashcards
Scotland Act 1998
Gave Primary powers and powers to vary tax by 3p per pound
Scotland Act 2012
Vary tax by 10p and additional tax powers
Scotland Act 2016
Extended transport, energy, social security benefits
income tax rate setting powers
receive proceeds of national VAT
Wales Act 1998
Secondary Legislative powers
Wales Act 2006
Additional Ref. on primary legislative powers
Welsh Devolution Ref. 2011
Direct law making power in 20 areas, health, education etc.
Wales Act 2014
Minor tax powers, ref on income tax varying powers
Wales Act 2017
Reserved powers model, transport energy, tax varying powers by 10p without ref.
The N.I Act 1998
Based on Belfast Agreement, transferred power to legislate on transferred matters
St Andrew’s Agreement 2006
Renewed Devolution
What was devolved to N.I in 2010
Police and Criminal Justice
What Act devolved power to set corporation tax to N.I?
The Corporation Tax (N.I) Act 2015
Key Historic documents the constitution is based on
Magna Carta 1215
Bill of Rights 1689
Act of Settlement 1701
Act of Union 1701
Parliament Acts 1911 and 1945
The European Communities Act 1972
When was the Fixed Term Parliament Act passed?
2011
When was the constitutional Reform Act passed, what did it do?
2005
Established supreme court
Separated role of Lord Chancellor into 3 roles
Who by and when was the Alternative Reform of the Lords presented?
Committee ran by Lord Burns in 2017
How much can Lords claim each day?
£300.00
How many peers did Cameron create between 2010 and 2017?
295 peers
What did the Alternative Reform on Lords suggest?
- Reduce size to 600 within 10 years, maintain until 2047
- New Peerages restricted to 15 year terms
- Political Peers in relation to election performance, taking seats and vote share into account
What two ideas does a Liberal Democracy combine?
Liberalism and Democracy
What are entrenched laws?
Laws which are purposely made difficult to amend
What does fundamental/Higher law mean?
All other laws must be compatible
What is the aim of a Bill of Rights?
Protect people from other people - safeguard individual rights
What does Uncodified mean?
Not in one written document
In the uk what is sovereign?
Parliament
Which countries around the world have an uncodified constitution?
UK
Israel
New Zealand
What caused America to adopt a codified constitution? In which year?
Revolutionary War 1775-83
Constitution 1787
What caused Germany to adopt a codified constitution? In which year?
Nazi surrender 1945
Constitution 1949
What caused Iraq to adopt a codified constitution? In which year?
Iraqi govt. collapse after 2003 invasion
Constitution 2005
What is Divine Right?
From God
What is Royal Prerogative?
Power and authority belonging directly to a monarch
When was the Feudal System introduced?
1066
Who did the Monarch take advice from previously?
Tenants-in-Chiefs (landowners)
Ecclesiastics (priests)
In which year was the Assize of Clarendon? What did this do?
1166 - Henry VIII
Judges to travel around circuits to enforce laws made by judges in Westminster - less local variation
What did the Assize of Clarendon create?
Common Law
When and what was the Magna Carta?
1215 - King John
He agreed to significant limits on this royal prerogative
Which 3 clauses of the Magna Carta are often still used?
39, 40, 45
What is the Rule of Law?
No one is above the law - not even the king
Which law during King James I’s reign saw some limits imposed on prerogative power?
The case of Proclamations (1610)
What and when was the Five Knight’s Case?
Charles I imprisoned those who didn’t pay “forces loans” after parliament refused to fund war with France.
He also imposed ‘Martial Law’ - soldiers being housed in civilian homes
What was the impact of the Five Knight’s Case?
Petition of Rights 1628 - no taxes levied without parliaments consent, habeas corpus imposed, no marital law during peace time, soldiers not to be housed in civilian homes
Parliament not used for 11 years
When was the English Civil War?
1642-51
Following the Civil war 2 codified constitutions were introduced, what where their names and which year were they brought in?
Instrument of Government 1653
Humble Petition and Advise 1657
In which year was the restoration of the monarchy?
1660
When and what was the Glorious Revolution?
1688-89
King James II removed by William of Orange
What did the Glorious Revolution lead to?
Bill of Rights (1689)
Parliament now sovereign
