The Cell Flashcards
What is the role of the Mitochondria?
Produce ATP, the main energy source of the cell
Referred to as the ‘Powerhouse of the cell’
What is Cytoplasm?
Cytoplasm is a thick solution that fills each cell and is enclosed by the cell membrane
What is Endoplasmic Reticulum?
The endoplasmic reticulum is the transportation system of the eukaryotic cell, and has many other important functions such as protein folding. It is a type of organelle made up of two subunits – rough endoplasmic reticulum, and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
What is the Plasma Membrane?
The Plasma Membrane is a biological membrane which separates the interior of the cell from the outside environment to protect the cell. The cell membrane consists of a lipid bilayer, including cholesterols that sit between phospholipids to maintain their fluidity at various temperatures.
What is the Nucleus?
A membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells. The nucleus maintains the integrity of genes and controls the activities of the cell by regulating gene expression—the nucleus is, therefore, the control centre of the cell
What is Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)?
A polymeric molecule essential in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation and expression of genes
What is an Organelle?
Any of the specialised structures within a cell that perform a specific function.
What is Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)?
A molecule that contains the biological instructions that make each species unique. DNA, along with the instructions it contains, is passed from adult organisms to their offspring during reproduction.
What are Enzymes?
Enzymes are molecules which act as biological catalysts. Catalysts speed up chemical reactions. The molecules upon the enzyme acts on is known as the substrate, the enzyme converts substrates into products.
What is Bacterium?
Bacteria are a type of biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms.
