The back: superficial and intermediate muscles

Question 1

Name the superficial muscles of the back

Answer 1

Trapezius
Latissimus Dorsi 
Rhomboid Major
Rhomboid Minor
Serratus posterior superior
serratus posterior inferior

Question 2

Trapezius origin

Answer 2

External occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T12

Question 3

Trapezius insertion

Answer 3

clavicle, acromoin, spine

Question 4

Trapezius Nerve

Answer 4

spinal accessory nerve (CXI-motor. Proprioceptive afferent info via C3-C4 spinal nerves)
***accompanied by transverse cervical artery and vein (neurovascular bundle)

Question 5

Trapezius action

Answer 5

Upper fibers: elevate scapula, laterally flex neck, rotate face away
Middle: adduct (retract) scapula
Lower: depress scapula

Question 6

Latissimus dorsi origin

Answer 6

Spinous processes of T7-L5, thoracolumbar fascia/aponeurosis, iliac crest, spinous tubercles of sacrum, ribs 10-12

Question 7

Latissimus dorsi insertion

Answer 7

Intertubercular groove of humerus

Question 8

Latissimus dorsi nerve

Answer 8

Thoracodorsal nerve

Question 9

Latissimus dorsi action

Answer 9

Extend, adduct, medially rotate arm; “swimming muscle”

Question 10

triangle of auscultation boundaries

Answer 10

trapezius/latissimus dorsi mm & vertebral (medial) border of scapula

Question 11

lumbar triangle (triangle of petit) boundaries

Answer 11

latissimus dorsi/external oblique, & iliac crest (lies on top of the internal oblique)

Question 12

levator scapulae origin

Answer 12

cervical transverse processes C1-C4

Question 13

levator scapulae insertion

Answer 13

scapula, superior angle

Question 14

levator scapulae nerve

Answer 14

C3, dorsal scapular (C4-C5)

Question 15

levator scapulae action

Answer 15

elevate and rotate scapula

Question 16

rhomboid major/minor origin

Answer 16

spinous processes C7-T5, nuchal ligament

Question 17

rhomboid major/minor insertion

Answer 17

scapula, medial border

Question 18

Rhomboid major/minor nerve

Answer 18

dorsal scapular C4-C5

Question 19

rhomboid major/minor action

Answer 19

retract, rotate scapula, hold to wall

Question 20

serratus posterior superior origin

Answer 20

spinous processes C7-T3

Question 21

serratus posterior superior insertion

Answer 21

upper ribs, 2-5

Question 22

serratus posterior superior nerve

Answer 22

intercostals (T2-T5)

Question 23

serratus posterior superior action

Answer 23

elevates upper ribs (widens chest for inspiration)

Question 24

serratus posterior inferior origin

Answer 24

T11-L2 spinous processes

Question 25

serratus posterior inferior insertion

Answer 25

lower ribs 9-12

Question 26

serratus posterior inferior nerve

Answer 26

intercostals T9-T12

Question 27

serratus posterior inferior action

Answer 27

depresses lower ribs (widens chest for inspiration)