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History Year 8 > The Aztecs > Flashcards

The Aztecs Flashcards

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1
Q

What century did the aztecs move into the Valley of Mexico?

A

12th century CE

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2
Q

What were the aztecs in search for when they found the VAlley of Mexico?

A

Fertile land

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3
Q

Where did the Aztecs flee from?

A

Atzlan

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4
Q

Which god guided the Aztecs to the Valley of Mexico ?

A

Huitzilopochtli

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5
Q

What century did the Aztec establish there home and where did they civilise?

A

14th Century CE

small swampy island in the middle of Lake Texcoco

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6
Q

What was the capital city of the Aztec city?

A

Tenochtitlan

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7
Q

How big was Tenochtitlan land and people?

A

13km2

Aprox. 250 000 people

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8
Q

What were the islands surrounding the main island called?

A

Chinampas

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9
Q

How were the surrounding islands on the lake built?

A

They were constructed of mud dredged from the bottom of the lake which were supported on rafts of branches and grass.

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10
Q

What were the floating islands for?

A

They were floating farms used to grow maize , fruit , vegetables and flowers.

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11
Q

How were the islands connected?

A

Raised roads called causeways.

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12
Q

what were some features of the Aztec city?

A
  • four main districts, wide roads, public buildings
  • sewerage systems
  • regular garbage collection by men on boats
  • delivery of fresh drinking water (from the Chapultepec mountains)
  • postal systems
  • regular cleaning of streets and buildings
  • 15km embankments to stop salt water from mixing with fresh water
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13
Q

What produce did the Aztec trade?

A
  • corn
  • beans
  • peppers
  • squash
  • pears
  • tomatoes
  • cotton
  • tobacco
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14
Q

What was the Aztec market place called?

A

Tlateloco

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15
Q

How many people did the Aztecs rule?

A

15 million

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16
Q

How did the Aztec empire gain such a large population?

A

By conquering surrounding tribes and forcing them to pay tribute or tax.

17
Q

Who was Hernan Cortes?

A

He was the explorer that set of to the coast of Mexico and established a settlement called Vera cruz. He was the one responsible for the destruction and invasion of the Aztec people

18
Q

Who was the emperor of the Aztec empire when Cortés invaded and how long had he been in power for?

A

Moctezuma II

17 years

19
Q

How many conquistadors did Cortés set off with?

A

400

20
Q

When did Cortes arrive at tenochtitlan?

A

8th November 1519

21
Q

What advantages did the Spanish have over the Aztecs?

A
  • Division within the Aztec empire, surrounding tribes like the talaxcala hated the Aztecs and fought with the Spanish
  • Superior weaponry, the Spanish attacked using gunpowder, Stella swords and horses
  • Moctezumas slow response to threat, he welcomed the Spanish
  • The Aztecs lack of readiness, Spanish arrived at harvest time when the Aztecs did not usually engage in battle.
22
Q

Why did the Spanish lead a massacre at one of the Aztecs festivals (Toxcatl)?

A

The lack of control that they had over the Aztecs and there ceremonies, which they feared for their lives.

23
Q

The aztecs claimed that Moctezuma died….

A

From injuries inflicted by the Spanish

24
Q

How did the Spanish claim that Moctezuma died?

A

The Spanish claimed that the aztecs stoned there own leader to death.

25
Q

What date did Cortes and his men try to flee Tenochtitlan?

A

1st of July 1520

26
Q

What was the battle called when Cortes and his men tried to flee tenochtitlan?

A

La Noche or Sad Night

27
Q

How many of Cortes’s men were lost in the battle after him trying to flee?

A

Two thirds

28
Q

Before leaving the city what did the Spanish take?

A

They stuffed there pockets with Aztec gold.

29
Q

How did most of the people die in the battle when Cortes tried to escape?

A

Falling in the lake and drowning from the weight of the treasures they stole.

30
Q

Where did Cortes and his surviving force retreat to?

A

Tlaxcala

31
Q

When did Cortes return to Tenochtitlan for his final attack?

A

1521

32
Q

What happened in Cortes’s final attack on the Aztecs?

A

He developed his forces, gathering more supplies while the Aztecs were hit by a a small pox epidemic. For 3 months they laid siege on the city, cutting of their water supply, cut the causeway to the main land and blocked the canals.

33
Q

What brought the Aztecs to their final surrender and when did they surrender?

A

Hunger and disease

13th August 1521

History Year 8 (6 decks)

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