The Anterior Forearm

Question 1

Pronator Teres

Answer 1

Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus and the coracoid process of the ulna

Insertion: lateral radius

Action: pronates the forearm and weakly flexes the elbow

Innervation: median nerve

Question 2

Flexor carpi radialis

Answer 2

Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus (via the common tendon)

Insertion: base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpal base

Action: flexes and abducts the hand at the wrist

Innervation: median nerve

Question 3

Palmaris longus

Answer 3

Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus via the common flexor tendon

Insertion: palmar aponeurosis

Action: tenses the palmar aponeurosis and assists with flexion at the wrist

Innervation: median nerve

Question 4

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Answer 4

Origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus via the common flexor tendon

Insertion: pisiform, hook of the hamate and the 5th metacarpal

Action: flexes and adducts the hand at the wrist

Innervation: ulnar nerve

Question 5

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Answer 5

Origin: humero-ulnar head (medial condyle via the common flexor tendon and the coronoid process) and the radial head (oblique line of the radius)

Insertion: 4 tendons to shafts of the middle phalanges 2-5

Action: primarily flexes PIP joints of digits 2-5 and weakly acts on MCP and wrist

Innervation: median nerve

Question 6

Flexor digitorum profundus

Answer 6

Origin: proximal ulna and interosseous membrane

Insertion: 4 tendons to the bases of distal phalanges 2-5

Action: primarily flexes DIP of the digits and weakly flexes the wrist, MCP, and PIP

Innervation:
Digits 2-3: anterior interosseous (branch of the median nerve)
Digits 4-5: ulnar nerve

Question 7

Flexor pollicis longus

Answer 7

Origin: anterior radius and interosseous membrane

Insertion: base of distal phalanx of the thumb

Action: flexes the IP of the thumb and weakly acts on wrist, CMC, and MCP of the thumb

Innervation: anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve

Question 8

Pronator quadratus

Answer 8

Origin: distal anterior ulna

Insertion: distal anterior radius

Action: primary pronator of the forearm

Innervation: anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve

Question 9

What are the boundaries and contents of the cubital fossa?

Answer 9

Boundaries: 
   Superior: line connecting the medial and lateral epicondyles 
   Medially: pronator teres 
   Laterally: brachioradialis 
   Floor: brachialis and supinator m

Contents: 
   Tendons of biceps brachii
   Brachial artery 
   Median nerve 
   Median cubital vein

Question 10

What are the joints of the wrist and the hand?

Answer 10

Distal radioulnar joint

Radiocarpal (wrist) joints

Carpometacarpal (CMC) joints

Metacarpophalangeal (MP) joints

Proximal/Distal interphalangeal (PIP/DIP) joints