Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Epithalamus, Subthalamus Flashcards
What helps to maintain homeostasis; has roles in the autonomic, endocrine, and limbic systems?
hypothalamus
Feeding center
- if lesion–> starvation
lateral hypothalamic
satiety center
- if lesion–> hyperplasia; obesity, savage behavior
ventromedial
regulates circadian rhythms, receives direct retinal input
suprachiasmatic nuclei
synthesizes ADH and oxytocin; regulates water balance
- if lesioned: causes diabetes insidious; characterized by polydipsia and polyuria
supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei
input from hippocampus; damaged in wernicke encephalopathy
mamillary bodies
produces hypothalamic releaseing and inhibitory factors and gives rise to tuberohypophysial tract
arcuate
temperature regulation; if lesioned–> hyperthermia
also stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system
anterior region of hypothalamus
temperature regulation; if lesioned –> poikilothermic (inability to thermoregulate)
also, stimulates the sympathetic nervous system
posterior region of hypothalamus
regulates release of gonotrophic hormones; contains sexually dimorphic nucleus
if lesion is before puberty–> arrested sexual development
if lesion after puberty–> amenorrhea or impotence
preoptic area
stimulation–> savage behavior
dorsomedial
consists of the pineal body and habenular nuclei
epithalamus
secretes melatonin with a circadian rhythm
pineal body
involved in basal ganglia circuitry?
subthalamic nuclei
lesion causes hemiballismus (contralateral flinging movements of one or both extremities)
subthalamic nuclei
