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Chemistry > Test March 4th Hydrocarbons > Flashcards

Test March 4th Hydrocarbons Flashcards

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1
Q

Whats a hydrocarbon

A

A compound of Hydrogen and carbon

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2
Q

Why are alkanes saturated

A

They contain only single bonds

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3
Q

Name the first 3 alkanes

A

Methane
Ethane
Propane

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4
Q

What is the process used to separate crude oils?

A

Fractional Distillation

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5
Q

What are biofuels

A

Fuel made from plant matter

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6
Q

Give 2 examples of biofuels

A

Ethanol and Biodiesel

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7
Q

What are some advantages of using biofuels instead of fossil fuels?

A

Less pollution
Renewable
Uses plant waste

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8
Q

What are particulates?

A

Small solid particles of soot and unburnt hydrocarbons

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9
Q

What type of bonding occurs in alkanes?

A

Covalent

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10
Q

What is the reaction between an element and oxygen to form an oxide?

A

Oxidation

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11
Q

What dangerous gas is produced when a fuel burns in a limited supply of oxygen? And why is it dangerous?

A

Carbon monoxide because it stops the flow of oxygen in the blood

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12
Q

What is produced when an alkane is burnt

A

Carbon dioxide and water

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13
Q

Why are carbon dioxide and water produced when an alkane burns?

A

The hydrogen and carbon in the fuel react with oxygen in the air

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14
Q

Describe how fractional distillation can be used to separate crude oil?

A

Crude oil is evaporated
Gases condensed at different temps
Larger molecules collect first at the base with higher temperatures

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15
Q

How do we test for carbon dioxide and water?

A

Carbon Dioxide: Using Limewater
Copper Sulfate: Copper Sulfate/ chromatogrophy

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16
Q

What is a shortened structural formula and a molecular formula

A

Shortened Eg. CH³ CH² CH² CH³

Molecular Eg. C⁴H¹⁰

17
Q

What do we call each of the separated liquids in fractional Distillation?

A

Fractions

18
Q

Where are small molecules found in fractional Distillation?

A

At the top

19
Q

Where are molecules with high boiling points found in a fractional column

A

At the bottom

20
Q

Where are molecules with high flammability found?

A

At the top

21
Q

Where are dark coloured products found in a fractional column

A

At the bottom

22
Q

What is a homologous series?

A

A series of compounds that have similar chemical properties and the same general formula

23
Q

What is an isomer?

A

Molecules with the same molecular formulae but different structures

24
Q

What is the General formula for AlkANES?

A

CnH2n+2

25
Q

What is the General formula for alkENES

A

CnH2n

26
Q

Why are alkenes saturated?

A

Contain carbon to carbon double bonds (C=C)

27
Q

What is a fuel?

A

A compound which is combusted to produce energy

28
Q

How is oil formed?

A

From sea remains

29
Q

How is coal formed?

A

From plants

30
Q

Where are molecules with high viscosity found?

A

At the top

Chemistry (1 decks)

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