Test 3 Flashcards
Sulfonamides
Interfere with bacteria folic acid production
Inhibit enzyme for PABA that makes folic acid
Bacteriostatic
Broad
Tetracyclines
Block the attachment of tRNA to the ribosome
Stops protein synthesis
Bacteriostatic
Broad
Quinolones
Affect DNA synthesis Bind to topoisomerase or gyrase Stops the unwinding and DNA replication Bactericidal Broad
Penicillins
Interferes with the synthesis of peptidoglycan
Stops the enzyme that catalyzes the crosslinking of peptide bonds to create the peptidoglycan mesh as the cell wall expands, resulting in cell lysis
Bactericidal
Some types are narrow, some are broad
Erythromycin (Macrolide)
Built of sugars Prevents translocation Stops protein synthesis Bacteriostatic Broad
Polymixin B
Disrupts cell membrane Hydrophilic end Hydrophobic end Bactericidal Narrow (Gram -)
Metronidazole
Damages DNA in anaerobic and microaerophilic bacteria
Yanks electrons from DNA backbone
Bactericidal
Cephalosporins
Interfere with peptidoglycan crosslinking More chemically advanced than penicillin 3 generations Bactericidal Broad
Aminoglycosides
Streptomycin, gentamicin, azithromycin Bind to 30s ribosomal subunit Blocks initiation mRNA is read incorrectly and prevents protein synthesis Bactericidal Broad
Rifampin
Interferes with/blocks transcription Binds to RNA polymerase Protein synthesis is halted Bactericidal Broad
Oxazolidinones
Blocks initiation of protein synthesis
Prevents 50S from binding to 30S subunit
Bactericidal
Broad
Chloramphenicol
Binds to 50S ribosomal subunit Blocks peptide bond formation Prevents translocation Bacteriostatic Broad
