Test 2 Version A

Question 1

Trisomy 21 causes

Answer 1

Down syndrome

Question 2

Among extraembryonic membranes as the first one c

Answer 2

There are four layers: the amnion, yolk sac, allantois, and chorion. The amnion is the innermost layer, enclosing the embryo in the amnion fluid, which protects it from mechanical stress.

Chorion is the outermost layer, then yolk sac, then allantois and then amnion

Question 3

In the notochord formation, the neurenteric canal…..

forms a transitory communication between and plays a role in the maintenance and adjustment of pressure between?

Answer 3

The amniotic and yolk sac cavities

Question 4

Achondroplasia is inherited as

Answer 4

autosomal dominant trait

Question 5

Cell migration and differentiation in the process of gastrulation or gametes?

Answer 5

FGF8

Question 6

Somites develop from:

Answer 6

Paraxial mesoderm

Question 7

Tetrasomy 48, XXXY causes

Answer 7

Klinefelter syndrome

Question 8

All of the foregut endoderm has the potential to exp… differentiate into the liver tissue, but this expression is i… surrounding tissues. The action of these inhibitors is blocked by

Answer 8

Hepatocyte nuclear transcription factors (HNF3 and 4)

Question 9

Is the kidney development the process of branching and growth stimulated by…

Answer 9

GDNF

Question 10

A critical role in regulating HOX genes expressions is brain development….

Answer 10

retinoic acid regulates differential expression of Hox genes along the anteroposterior axis

Question 11

Indicate the transcription factor specifying the duode…(duodenum)

Answer 11

PDX1

Question 12

Development of the hypothalamus is regulated by

Answer 12

DAX1

Question 13

Mesoderm will be ventralized to contribute to kidneys, b.. the presence of:

Answer 13

BMP4

Question 14

The enamel of the teeth develops from:

Answer 14

ectoderm

Question 15

Listed below cells are neural crest derivatives, expect

Answer 15

Hepatocytes

Question 16

Indicate the repressor for left-sided gene expression o…

Answer 16

SHH

Question 17

A group of anomalies occurring together that have… called

Answer 17

Syndrome

Question 18

Indicate natural inhibitors of heart development

Answer 18

NKX25

Question 19

In the diagram are shown changes in the hormone.. menstrual cycle. This hormone is

Answer 19

Anterior pituitary hormones: LH-highest in ovulation and FSH- lowest in ovulation

Ovarian hormones: Estradiol-highest in follicular phase(before ovulation) and Progestrone-highest in luteal phase(after ovulation)

FSH

Question 20

Indicate a primary brain vesicle

Answer 20

Prosencephalon

other ones are Mescephalon and Rhombacephalon

Question 21

In the scheme of primary ovary follicle with the arrow indicated

Answer 21

Theca externa - pointing at outer layer

Question 22

In the process of somite differentiation expression of the muscle specific.. induced by:

Answer 22

FGF

Question 23

Taking into consideration chemical structure of estrogens you count… among

Answer 23

steroid

Question 24

Marfan syndrome is caused by mutations in the gene encoding

Answer 24

Fibryllin (FBN1)

Question 25

Dorsal/ventral pattering of the neural tube is controlled by

Answer 25

BMP4 and 7

Question 26

Indicate the gene important for designating the forebrain and midbrain

Answer 26

OTX2

Question 27

Tetralogy of Fallot is caused by mutations in the gene

Answer 27

NKX25