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BIO 139 > Test #2 Practice - Weeks 4 - 6 > Flashcards

Test #2 Practice - Weeks 4 - 6 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

True or False: Proper Nutrition affects wildlife by improving health, reproduction rates, disease resistance, and overall larger growth.

A

True.

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2
Q

What things does a wildlife habitat supply?

A

Cover, adequate space, food and water.

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3
Q

What do travel corridors provide for wildlife?

A

Provides a way for wildlife to travel safely from one habitat to another.

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4
Q

What are two components that wildlife cover provide?

A

Shelter from weather and protection from predators

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5
Q

What makes up an “ecosystem”?

A

All organisms and all abiotic factors within a geographic location

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6
Q

A species “niche” can be described as:

A

The role that it plays within its ecosystem

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7
Q

How do invasive species get released into the environment?

A

Ballast water, intentionally introduced, release of unwanted pets, stowaways on shipments of materials between locations

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8
Q

One key factor that makes a species “invasive” in its new habitat is:

A

A lack of predators

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9
Q

What is NOT an invasive species in the United States?

A

Black Bears

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10
Q

What is the most effective way to control invasive species

A

To prevent their introduction

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11
Q

The point at which a population levels out on its growth curve is known as:

A

Carrying Capacity

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12
Q

What type of limiting growth factor is: Disease

A

Density Dependent

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13
Q

What type of limiting growth factor is: Flood

A

Density Independent

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14
Q

What type of limiting growth factor is: Fire

A

Density Independent

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15
Q

What type of limiting growth factor is: Lack of Food

A

Density Dependent

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16
Q

What is Density Dependent

A

A limiting factor caused by the density of the population

17
Q

What is Density Independent

A

A limiting factor caused by chance; not caused by density of the population

18
Q

Many fish lay hundreds to thousands of eggs but only a few survive until adulthood. This type of strategy best matches the _________ strategy.

A

Type III or R-selected

19
Q

What survivorship curve is type I?

A

K-selected; Almost all live from birth, lot of care to offspring, live a long time and then start to die off towards end of life expectancy

20
Q

What survivorship curve is type II?

A

A mix of Type I (K-selected) and Type III (r-selected); from the moment they are born they die at a constant rate

21
Q

What survivorship curve is type III?

A

R-selected; Many spawn and almost all die from birth but few survive to maturity and reproduce

22
Q

The sustained yield is calculated to:

A

Allow the harvest without impairing a species ability to continue to survive and thrive

23
Q

Which reproductive strategy is this characteristic: High level of parental care

A

K-Selected

24
Q

Which reproductive strategy is this characteristic: experiences boom-bust cycles

A

r-Selected

25
Q

Which reproductive strategy is this characteristic: hovers close to carrying capacity

A

K-Selected

26
Q

Which reproductive strategy is this characteristic: humans

A

K-Selected

27
Q

Which reproductive strategy is this characteristic: arctic hare

A

R-selected

28
Q

Logistic growth means that a population

A

has reached its carrying capacity

29
Q

Why is the total amount of fish being harvested worldwide growing but the wild fish harvest levelling off?

A

Aquaculture is increasing

30
Q

How do you calculate the intrinsic growth rate of a population?

A

r = ΔN / N0

31
Q

How do you determine ΔN?

A

(Births - Deaths) + (Immigration - Emigration)

32
Q

What is the formula for exponential growth?

A

Nt = N0e^rt

33
Q

Once K is introduced to exponential population growth, what happens?

A

There is logistic growth and turns a graph into an s-shaped curve

34
Q

What is K?

A

Carrying Capacity

35
Q

What is the second largest cause of species extinctions in the US?

A

Invasive species

36
Q

Wildlife requirements for food, cover, and water vary according to:

A

Wildlife species, age and sex, physiological condition (gestation, lactation, antler growth, etc), time of year, and geographic location

37
Q

What is a fundamental niche?

A

Where the organism could live

38
Q

What is the realized niche?

A

The actual niche where there are no competing organisms

39
Q

True or false: Complete competitors can exist in one niche

A

False

BIO 139 (3 decks)

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