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african american studies > test 2 > Flashcards

test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

abolitionist movement

A

movement to end slavery in the beginning of the 19th century; sojourner Truth

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2
Q

underground railroad

A

network of secret routed, safe stations/houses and passages that led to freedom; Harriet Tubman

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3
Q

fugitive slave act

A

1850; owners of escaped slaves could hunt for slaves and bring them back even if they were in free territory

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4
Q

john brown’s raid

A

a white abolitionist attempted an armed slave revolt to free slaves at harper’s ferry’ defeated by federal troops; increased fear in white southerners

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5
Q

dred scott decision

A

affirming the right of slave owners to take their slaves into western territories

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6
Q

13th amendment

A

abolished slavery in 1865

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7
Q

14th amendment

A

citizenship and equal protection under the law in 1868

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8
Q

15th amendment

A

granted black men the right to vote 1870

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9
Q

lynching

A

practice where persons are punished for real or alleged crimes without due process of law; American invention, used in US as early as 1767(prior to the civil war)

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10
Q

KKK

A

prominent vigilante group organized in 1866 in Pulaski, TN; US oldest hate group; original purpose was to prey on the superstitions of blacks

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11
Q

black codes

A

attempted to subordinate blacks

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12
Q

concentric zone theory

A

natural areas that develop in a city, life of their own, subcultural differences, location determines activity; formed by Robert Park and Ernest Burgess

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13
Q

university of Chicago

A

developed sociology as a discipline; developed by: influx of immigrants; the great migration

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14
Q

individual racism

A

person acts in discriminatory manner based on perceptions of group

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15
Q

institutional racism

A

intentionally or unintentionally perpetuate discrimination through policies

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16
Q

institutionalized racism

A

structural racism; structures, policies, practices and norms that result in differential access to the goods, services, and opportunities of society by race

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17
Q

microaggressions

A

verbal and nonverbal insults that are intentional or unintentional that communicate hostility, anger and negativity toward members of a group. denial that racism exists and that opportunities for success are different based on race and/or gender

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18
Q

prejudice

A

attitude about a group of people based on observation of a few

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19
Q

ethnophaulisms

A

condescending remarks to an individual, racial and ethnic slurs (gal, wetback)

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20
Q

discriminations

A

an act that accompanies prejudice; negative actions towards members of a particular group because of their membership in a particular group

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21
Q

colorblindness

A

post racial society; race no longer matters

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22
Q

white identity politics

A

race is factor that influences politics of whites; shrinking white population

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23
Q

William Lloyd garrison

A

leader of white abolitionist groups and publisher of The Liberator

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24
Q

harriet tubman

A

funded and led the underground railroad

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25
Q

jermain loguen

A

minister and abolitionist; operated a station in NY

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26
Q

Frederick douglass

A

founded the newspaper The North Star, most popular black abolitionist paper

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27
Q

WEB DuBois

A

1899, published The Philadelphia Negro- sociological study of the social conditions affecting blacks living in urban areas; first case study of a black community in the US

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28
Q

harriet beecher stowe

A

publisher of uncle tom’s cabin; contributed to outbreak of war: showed the impact of slavery on the family, increased empathy for slaves, personalized the political and economic arguments over slavery

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29
Q

john brown

A

white abolitionist started john brown’s raid

30
Q

Robert e lee

A

surrendered and ended the civil war april 9, 1865 at the Appomattox court house VA

31
Q

lerone bennett

A

wrote forced into glory, which challenged Abraham Lincoln as the great emancipator

32
Q

auguste comte

A

philosopher, created sociology and became the father of sociology

33
Q

springfield riot of 1909

A

in IL black man falsely accused of beating and raping a white woman; AA businesses destroyed and man was lynched

34
Q

Robert park and ernest burgess

A

two of the earliest sociologists who conducted a study of

Chicago

35
Q

ida b wells

A

journalist and activist who conducted the first field study of lynchings

36
Q

the liberator

A

newspaper written by William Lloyd garrison

37
Q

freedom’s journal

A

first black newspaper

38
Q

the north star

A

most popular black abolitionist paper founded by Frederick douglass and martin delany in 1847

39
Q

forced into glory

A

lerone Bennett’s book

40
Q

uncle tom’s cabin

A

publication by harriet beecher stowe

41
Q

klan manifesto

A

opposed freedom and equality for blacks; advocated attacking blacks whenever and wherever necessary

42
Q

slavery by any other name

A

Donald Blackmon; slave code that black men were required to carry proof of employment, without it could result in arrest, conviction, incarceration, and being sold farming, mining or lumber

43
Q

the Philadelphia negro

A

study by WEB DuBois

44
Q

what was the main goal of the abolitionist movement?

A

to end slavery

45
Q

how did women’s abolitionist’s groups differ from the antislavery groups started by men?

A

women addressed temperance and women’s rights along with abolition

46
Q

what were the main arguments against slavery as stated in the antislavery manifesto?

A

contrary to Jesus’ teaching of universal brotherhood; against fundamental principles of American life; economically unsound; threatened culture of and civilization of the south; threatened peace and safety of country

47
Q

what were proslavery arguments sued to maintain the institution of slavery?

A

slavery a positive good and slaves were happy and content; blacks mentally and biologically inferior, different species; necessity of slave labor for rise of civilization and economic development of south; blacks destined by history to subordinate position in society; slavery was divinely ordained

48
Q

how did the publication of uncle tom’s cabin impact the antislavery movement?

A

showed the impact of slavery on the family; increased empathy for the slaves in their oppression; personalized the political and economic arguments over slavery

49
Q

compare the northern and southern economies and how the different economies impacted slavery

A

south was king cotton, agricultural powerhouse, labor intensive; north was agricultural but diversified and into an industrial and manufacturing economy

50
Q

when and where did the civil war begin and end? how long did it last?

A

began april 12, 1861 at fort sumter and ended april 9, 1865 at the appomattox court house lasting 5 years

51
Q

what were black codes? how did the codes perpetuate a form of neoslavery?

A

laws to attempt to subordinate blacks; quasi-slaves

52
Q

what was the civil rights act of 1866?

A

first US law to define citizenship and affirm that all citizens are protected by the law

53
Q

what was the klan manifesto?

A

opposed freedom and equality for blacks and advocated attacking blacks whenever and wherever necessary

54
Q

what is lynching? when and where did it begin? how was it used most often?

A

practice or custom whereby persons are punished for real or alleged crimes without due process of law, an American inventions, used against blacks, mostly men.

55
Q

how did race riots of the late 1800s and early 1900s differ from riots in the 1960s

A

earlier riots were started by whites, later riots were initiated by blacks, first one in 1965

56
Q

describe the Atlanta riot of 1906 and the springfield riot of 1909

A

Atlanta riot- white newspapers intensified fear and hatred of blacks; violence and rioting erupted. springfield riot- black man falsely accused of beating and raping white woman; mobs destroyed black businesses, lynched man

57
Q

identify the first black initiated riot in the US. what factors motivated the riots of the 1960s?

A

los angeles watts riot of 1965. outbreak of urban violence in Chicago, los angeles, Washington, Detroit and Newark

58
Q

the beginnings of sociology as a science of society; sociology in the united states

A

auguste comte; social ills; science of society use objective (scientific) methods to study social phenomenoms; started at univ. of Chicago

59
Q

first AA to graduate from the univ. of chicago

A

E. Franklin Frazier and Charles S. Johnson

60
Q

first studies conducted by ida b wells and WEB dubois

A

wells studied lynchings and dubois studied the Philadelphia negro

61
Q

describe the different orientations of black and white sociologists

A

whites- studying interactions to theorize and establish mechanisms of stability and social order; studied problems of blacks from a value neutral position; more pure sociology(theory development); preferred quantitative approach
blacks-focus on race, racism, inequality and intellectual critique of the social system; applied sociology(research and knowledge to address problems); qualitiative analysis

62
Q

describe the controversy among black sociologists regarding the scientific study of black life and culture

A

controversy centered on the methods that were most appropriate for studying AA life and culture. one group believed that the emphasis should be placed on the quantitative methods (statistics); black sociologist should focus on research to develop practical solutions to problems in the black community (applied sociology)

63
Q

what is race and how is it changing?

A

race- deterministic and biologically based; each race has own genetic characteristics; classification and identification comes with hierarchal advantages and disadvantages. now race is not biologically real, socially and politically constructed by law, public policy and social practices and it’s not fixed

64
Q

what is racism and how is it changing?

A

“any racial project that creates or produces superior inferior social structures based on racial categories with the intent to promote racial formation. 190s referred to a pattern of exclusion and segregation. now that’s inadequate for the racism today

65
Q

individual racism

A

individual acts out his/her prejudice to the detriment of someone from another group

66
Q

institutional racism

A

institutions may intentionally or unintentionally perpetuate discrimination through policies

67
Q

institutionalized racism

A

structural racism; structures, policies, practices, and norms that result in differential access to the goods, services, and opportunities of society by race

68
Q

cultural racism

A

culture forces its values on other cultures because its members view their culture as superior; failure to conform to dominant culture results in punishments

69
Q

know other concepts related to the study of race and ethnicity

A

prejudice, ethnophaulisms, microaggressions, ethnocentrism, stereotype, discrimination, colorblindness, white identity politics

70
Q

social institutions

A

family, religion, economy, government, education

african american studies (4 decks)

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