Term3 Flashcards
L-31
Penetration by a virus with an envelope occurs by either fusion or endocytosis. Which of the below viruses executes penetration via fusion:
HIV
Influenza
polio
parvovirus
HIV
L-31
Penetration by a virus without an envelope can occur by direct entry across the plasma membrane or by endocytosis. Which os the below viruses executes penetration via direct entry across a plasma membrane:
HIV
Influenza
polio
parvovirus
Polio
L-32
What are the top three leading causes of death in the US
Heart disease, suicide, diabetes
Cancer, heart disease, stroke
Stroke, cancer, suicide
Kidney disease, cancer, heart disease
Cancer, heat disease, stroke
L-32
The are 10,121 people in Keuka, NY. 155 people have been diagnosed with skin cancer and 108 people have been diagnosed with diabetes During the past year 40 died from skin cancer, 250 people died from stroke, 10 died from diabetes, and 100 people died from natural causes. Calculate the case fatality rate for skin cancer.
250/10,121
100/250
40/155
100/155
40/155
DLA 17
Which is true based on the comparison between viruses with and without envelopes
- Envelope viruses are transmitted by blood or sexual contact and non-enveloped viruses can be inactivated by alcohol
- Envelope viruses are transmitted by fomites or droplets and non-enveloped viruses are resistant to detergents and heat.
- Envelope viruses are transmitted by blood or droplets and non-enveloped viruses are resistant to detergents and heat.
- Envelope viruses are transmitted by fomites or droplets and non-enveloped viruses are inactivated by detergents or alcohol
3
L-33
Two viruses which simultaneously and successfully infect a host despite having defective functions at different gene locations is an example of:
Recombination
Complementation
Antigenic drift
Antigenic shift
Complementation
L-33
Which is unique to retro transcribing viruses?
- They use DNA-dependent DNA Polymerase in replication
- They use RNA-dependent DNA Polymerase for reverse transcriptase
- The use RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase for replication
- Translation is carried out by the host ribosomes
2
L-34
A 21 y/o college student has stage 4 pancreatic cancer and has been informed by his doctor, Dr. Smith. Dr. Smith tells him that this is very serious, there are no treatment options and most people live for less than a year. The student is still on his parent’s health insurance. A week later the student’s parents call and ask Dr. Smith what is going on with their son, he has dropped out of school and his facebook has pictures of him in Europe. The doctor explains that he can’t tell the parents what he discussed with their son. This is an example of which of the elements of respect for persons?
Fidelity
Autonomy
Veracity
Avoidance of killing
Fidelity
L-34
A 45 y/o husband and father of 4 children has been diagnosed with colon cancer. The cancer has progressed and the treatment options only have a 50/50 survival outcome. The doctor asks the man what he would like to do. The man asks the doctor if he can think about it and call him back. The doctor agrees. A few days later the man calls the doctor back and informs the doctor they he has decided not to seek treatment. The doctor makes a note of the decision and tells the man he will have someone call him about hospice and end of life care. A week later the man’s wife shows up at the doctor’s office crying and very distraught. She tells the doctor her husband made the decision not to get treatment without discussing it with her and pleads with the doctor to convince her husband to get treatment. The doctor tells the woman that he would be happy to meet with the both of them to discuss the matter further but that he can’t force the man to get treatment. The woman thanks the doctor and an appointment for the both of them is made. This is and example of which element of respect for persons.
Fidelity
Autonomy
Veracity
Avoidance of killing
Autonomy
DLA-17
Icosahedral capsids have a 5-3-2 complex axes of symmetry. Which viruses have these types of capsids?
HIV
Rhabdoviruses
vaccina virus
Polio
Polio
DLA-16
What is an example of a financial barrier to health care?
ACA
COBRA
No insurance
Race
No insurance
DLA-16
What is an example of a non-financial barrier to health care?
ACA
COBRA
No insurance
Race
Race
DLA-18
What is commensalism?
- association of 2 different species where each one benefits from the other
- association o 2 different species where neither one benefits for the other
- associate of 2 different species where one species benefits and the other is harmed
- associated of 2 different species where one species benefits and the other neither benefits nor is harmed
4
DLA-18
Which are effective control measures against parasitic disease
Improved sanitation
vector control
drug administration programs
all of the above
all of the above
L-36
Which of the below refers to a clinical determination that is decision specific
Competence
Insanity
Capacity
Understanding
Capacity
