term

Question 1

Towards the head​

Answer 1

Cranial

Question 2

Towards the tail

Answer 2

Caudal

Question 3

Towards or near the belly or underside of a body or body part

Answer 3

Ventral

Question 4

Towards or near the back​

Answer 4

Dorsal

Question 5

Nose end of head​

Often used to describe the position of structures on the head​

Answer 5

Rostral

Question 6

Nearest the mid-line or main mass of the body​

Nearest the beginning of a structure

Answer 6

Proximal

Question 7

Farthest from mid-line or main mass of the body​

farthest from the beginning of a structure

Answer 7

Distal

Question 8

Front of body
Used more in description of organs or body parts

Answer 8

Anterior

Question 9

Rear of body

Answer 9

Posterior

Question 10

Towards midline or median plane

Answer 10

Medial

Question 11

Away from midline or median plane

Answer 11

Lateral ​

Question 12

Uppermost, above, or towards the head ​

Used most commonly in dental anatomy

Answer 12

Superior

Question 13

Lowermost, below or towards the tail​

Used most commonly in dental anatomy​

Answer 13

Inferior ​

Question 14

Near the surface​

Also called external​

Answer 14

Superficial

Question 15

Away from the surface​

Also called internal​

Answer 15

Deep ​

Question 16

Caudal surface of manus (front paw) ​
Including carpus​

Answer 16

Palmar

Question 17

Caudal surface of pes (rear paw) ​

Including tarsus ​

Answer 17

Plantar

Question 18

Divides body into EQUAL left and right halves (nose to tail)​

Answer 18

Median Plane

Question 19

Any plane parallel to median plane but doesn’t divide body into equal parts​

Answer 19

Sagittal Plane

Question 20

• Right angle to median plane​
• Cranial and caudal segments​

Answer 20

Transverse Plane​

Question 21

• Right angles to median and transverse planes​
• Dorsal and ventral segments​

Answer 21

Horizontal Plane

Question 22

Movement towards midline

Answer 22

Adduction

Question 23

Movement away from midline​

Answer 23

Abduction ​

Question 24

Closure of a joint angle​

Reduction of angle

Answer 24

Flexion

Question 25

Straightening of a joint​

Increase in angle between two bones​

Answer 25

Straightening of a joint​

Increase in angle between two bones​

Question 26

Occurs when a joint is flexed or extended too far​

Answer 26

Hyperflexion/hyperextension

Question 27

Act of rotating limb or body part so palmer surface is turned upward​

Answer 27

​Supination