Temporomandibular joint

Question 1

What bones form the Temporomandibular joint?

Answer 1

Mandible

Temporal bone of the cranium

Question 2

What are the main movements allowed by the Temporomandibular joint?

Answer 2

Opening
Closing
Side to side movement

Question 3

Where is the Temporomandibular joint?

Answer 3

Anterior to the tragus

Question 4

What 3 bones articulate at the Temporomandibular joint?

Answer 4

Mandibular fossa
Articular tubercle (Squamous part of Temporal bone)
Head of the Mandible

Question 5

What is unique about the Temporomandibular joint?

Answer 5

Articulating surfaces never touch due to the articular disc separating them.

Question 6

What does the articulating disc split the joint into?

Answer 6

2 cavities;
Superior
Inferior

Question 7

What type of joint is the Temporomandibular joint?

Answer 7

Synovial (Has a synovial membrane)

Question 8

What type of cartilage covers the articulation surfaces?

Answer 8

Fibrocartilage (Not Hyaline as would b expected)

Question 9

What are the 3 extra capsular ligaments?

Answer 9

Lateral ligament
Sphenomandibular ligament
Stylomandibular ligament

Question 10

What is the lateral ligament attached to?

Answer 10

Beginning of the articular tubule to the mandibular neck

Question 11

What is the function of the lateral ligament?

Answer 11

Thickening of the joint capsule

Prevents posterior dislocation of the joint

Question 12

What is the Spenomandibular ligament attached to?

Answer 12

Sphenoid spine to mandible

Question 13

What is the Stylomandibular ligament formed from?

Answer 13

Thickening of the fascia of the Parotid gland and facial muscles

Question 14

What is the function of the Stylomandibular ligament?

Answer 14

Supports the weight of the jaw

Question 15

What muscles control the movement of the Temporomandibular joint?

Answer 15

Muscles of mastication

Muscles of Hyoid bone

Question 16

What movements does the upper section of the joint do?

Answer 16

Protrusion of mandible

Retraction of mandible

Question 17

What muscle performs Protrusion of the mandible?

Answer 17

Lateral Pterygoid

Question 18

What muscle performs Retraction of the mandible?

Answer 18

Geniohyoid

Digastric

Question 19

What movements does the lower section of the joint do?

Answer 19

Elevation of mandible

Depression of mandible

Question 20

What is the main cause of depression of the mandible?

Answer 20

Gravity

Question 21

What muscles aid with depression of the mandible?

Answer 21

Digastric
Geniohyoid
Mylohyoid

Question 22

What muscles aid elevation of the mandible?

Answer 22

Temporalis
Masseter
Medial Pterygoid
Contraction of them, very strong movement

Question 23

How can arthritis effect the Temporomandibular joint?

Answer 23

Inflammation occurs in the joint causing the patient to commonly to have jaw pain, stiffness and joint grating

Question 24

What can cause dislocation of the Temporomandibular joint?

Answer 24

Blow to the side of the face
Yawning
Taking a large bite

Question 25

What occurs in a dislocation of the Temporomandibular joint?

Answer 25

Head of mandible slips out of the mandibular fossa and is pulled anteriorly so the patient is unable to close their mouth.

Question 26

Why are posterior dislocations of the Temporomandibular joint rare?

Answer 26

A lot of force is needed to overcome the postglenoid tubercle and strong intrinsic lateral ligament

Question 27

What can be damaged in a traumatic dislocation of the Temporomandibular joint?

Answer 27

Facial nerve

Auriculotemporal nerve