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Physics > t6-waves > Flashcards

t6-waves Flashcards

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1
Q

properties of waves

A

-transfer energy
-can be described as oscillations/vibrations

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2
Q

what are longitudinal waves

A

vibrations are parallel the direction of the wave movement

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3
Q

3 examples of longitudinal waves

A

sound waves
ultrasound waves
seismic p-waves

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4
Q

what are transverse waves

A

vibrations are perpendicular to the direction of the wave movement

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5
Q

3 examples of transverse waves

A

ripples on water surface
electromagnetic waves
seismic s-waves

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6
Q

what are electromagnetic waves

A

they’re transverse waves
vibrations are changes in electrical/magnetic fields perpendicular to the direction of the wave movement

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7
Q

2 properties of electromagnetic waves

A

-they transfer energy as radiation from the source of the waves to the absorber
-can travel through a vacuum as no particles are needed

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8
Q

what are mechanical waves

A

can be transverse or longitudinal
cause vibrations of particles in a substance

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9
Q

one property of mechanical waves

A

-can’t travel through a vacuum- they need a medium to travel

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10
Q

what 3 things can happen to a wave when it hits a surface

A

transmission
absorption
reflection

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11
Q

4 properties of images in a plane mirror

A

-they’re the same size
-laterally inverted
-same distance
-virtual

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12
Q

what do wave fronts represent

A

the crest of a wave

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13
Q

what is refraction

A

the change in direction of a wave at a boundary

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14
Q

how does the density of a material affect a wave

A

it affects the speed the wave will be transmitted through it
the denser the material, the slower the wave travels through it

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15
Q

what happens as a wave moves from less to more dense substance

A

ray bends towards the normal and it slows down

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16
Q

what happens as a wave moves from more to less dense substance

A

ray bends away from the normal and it speeds up

17
Q

what is the relationship between wave speed and wavelength

A

they’re directly proportional so if a wave slows down, wavelength will decrease, so wave fronts are closer together

18
Q

2 properties of sound waves

A

-longitudinal
-travels more efficiently through solids as the particles are closer together

19
Q

properties of p waves

A

-longitudinal
-travel faster
-travel through solid and liquid

20
Q

properties of s waves

A

-transverse
-travel slower
-travel through solid

21
Q

4 properties of radiowaves and uses

A

-long wavelength
-transmitted easily through air
-don’t cause damage
-used for communications

22
Q

how are radiowaves produced
3 points

A

-by oscillations in electric circuits
-when radiowaves are absorbed by conductor, they create an alternating current
-electric current has same frequency as radiowaves

23
Q

uses of microwaves
3 points

A

-used for cooking food and satellite communications
-high frequency microwaves can be absorbed by food
-the internal energy of molecules increases when food absorbs microwaves so it heats up

24
Q

uses of infrared

A

-electrical heaters
-cookers
-infrared cameras

25
Q

properties of infrared

A

-long wavelength
-frequencies absorbed by some chemical bonds. Internal energy of bonds increases when infrared is absorbed so it heats up. Useful for cookers and electrical heaters
-all objects emit infrared

26
Q

use of visible light

A

-fibre optic communications

27
Q

properties and use of UV light

A

-hazardous to body
-Fluorescent substances are used in energy-efficient lamps. They absorb UV light inside the lamp, and re-emit the energy as visible light.

28
Q

properties of matt black surfaces

A

best absorbers and emitters of infrared radiation

29
Q

what happens as an object gets hotter

A

more short wave length radiation is emitted
-this is why very hot objects produce visible light

30
Q

what is a perfect black body

A

-absorbs all radiation
- no radiation reflected/transmitted
-best emitter

31
Q

what happens if an object is warmer than its surroundinds

A

emits more radiation than it absorbs
-itstemperature decreases

32
Q
A

Physics (6 decks)

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