T6 (Atmosphere) Case Studies Flashcards
1
Q
ODSs / Stratospheric Ozone
A
UNEP and Montreal Protocol
- 1987 Montreal Protocol 24 countries, now 197
- ODS production 1.8mn tonnes 1987 to 45,000 tonnes 2010
- Reduced production/consumption of ODS over 95%
- 2002 ODS consumption reduced 95% developed countries, 50% developing
2
Q
ODSs / Stratospheric Ozone: Country
A
Australia
- National legislation to meet Montreal obligations
- ODS phased out
- Part of Montreal Protocol Multilateral Fund to help all countries
3
Q
Photochemical Smog Examples
A
Urban Area in Valley - Mexico City
Coastal Urban Area - LA
4
Q
Photochemical Smog Case Study: Fires
A
South East Asian Fires
- Smog impacting 70mn people in 6 countries
- 275 died starvation (cholera evident)
- 60,000 treated smog-related illness
- 4.5mn hectares rain forest/ plantations deliberate fires
5
Q
Photochemical Smog Case Study
A
Mexico City
- Visibility just 1.5km 2000s
- 1990s: ozone levels exceed standards 90% days
- Reduce PM10 and Ozone 10% = save $760mn and 260 infant deaths a year
6
Q
Countries Effected by Acid Rain
A
1980s/90s: Sweden, Norway and Germany (downwind of industrial production)
7
Q
Pollution Management
A
UK
- 46% Nitrogen oxides from power stations, 28% vehicles
- FGD and boilers reduce air at combustion = reduced emissions
- Reduction: engine/exhaust type, lower speed limits and more public transport
8
Q
Liming (Clean up / Restoration)
A
Norway and Sweden
