- flat, circumscribed area of skin discolouration - < 0.5-1 cm

- solid raised lesion - < 0.5-1 cm

- solid raised lesion - > 0.5-1 cm - goes deeper into dermis than papule

- circumscribed, solid, raised flat topped elevated area of skin - > 0.5-1 cm

- raised lesion - filled with clear fluid - "small blister" - < 0.5-1 cm

- circumscribed fluid filled lesions - "big blister" - > 0.5 cm

- circumscribed, elevated lesion - contains pus

- large subcutaneous collection of pus

- epithelium lined cavity containing fluid/sold material

- area of destruction of epidermis

- area of RBCs in skin - petechiae: smaller than purpura - palpable purpura = vasculitis - deep red, red purple

T2: Approach to diagnosis Flashcards by minethia markman

Morphology

Macule

flat, circumscribed area of skin
discolouration
< 0.5-1 cm

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Morphology

Papule

solid raised lesion
< 0.5-1 cm

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Morphology

Nodule

solid raised lesion
> 0.5-1 cm
goes deeper into dermis than papule

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Morphology

Tumour

solid mass
> 1 cm

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Morphology

Plaque

circumscribed, solid, raised flat topped elevated area of skin
> 0.5-1 cm

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Morphology

Vesicle

raised lesion
filled with clear fluid
“small blister”
< 0.5-1 cm

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Morphology

Bulla

circumscribed fluid filled lesions
“big blister”
> 0.5 cm

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Morphology

Pustule

circumscribed, elevated lesion
contains pus

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Morphology

Wheal

transient oedema in dermis

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Morphology

Abscesses

large subcutaneous collection of pus

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Morphology

Cyst

epithelium lined cavity containing fluid/sold material

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Morphology

Ulcer

area of destruction of epidermis

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Morphology

Fissure

crack in skin

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Morphology

Annular lesion

round lesion
clear in centre

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Morphology

Purpura

area of RBCs in skin
petechiae: smaller than purpura
palpable purpura = vasculitis
deep red, red purple

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Morphology

Ecchymosis

bruise
over large area
purple, purple blue, green, yellow

Distribution

Acral

hands
feet
sometimes face

Distribution

Dermatomal

along nerve supply distribution

Distribution

Flexural

under arms/breasts
in the groin

Distribution

Follicular

spread in hair follicles

Distribution

Photo distribution

where sun gets on skin

Distribution

Seborrhoeic

scalp, central chest, axillae, groin area
sometimes on face

Colour

Hyperpigmentation

darker than patients normal skin colour (melasma)

Colour

Hypopigmented

lighter than patients normal skin colour

# Colour Depigmented

- no pigment (vitiligo)

# Procedure Scrapings/clippings

- take blade and scrape over lesion - KOH prep remove material place on glass slide 10-20% KOH for few minutes coverslip apply heat + pressure microscopy

# Procedure Skin biopsy

- incisional - excisional - punch

# Procedure Patch testing

- done to tests for allergies - fill patches with allergens and assess skin