Systemic Overview Flashcards
Quick review. use to supplement!
What are the divisions of the ilium?
Divided into a body and a ala by the arcuate line internally and the upper border of the acetabulum externally
What are the divisions of the ischium?
body and ramus
What are the divisions of the pubis?
Body, superior ramus, inferior ramus
What is the patella and what does it articulate with?
sesamoid bone located in the tendons of the quadriceps femoris muscle and articulates with the distal extremity of the femur
What bones of the foot make up the medial column (flexible)
calcaneus, talus, navicular, three cuneiforms, first 3 metatarsals and their phalanges, constant sesamoids
What bones of the foot make up the lateral column (rigid)
calcaneus, cuboid, 4th and 5th metatarsals and their phalanges.
What are the major ligaments of the hip joint?
Capsular and Intracapsular
-Capsular: Articular capsule Iliofemoral Ischiofemoral Pubofemoral -Intracapsular Ligamentum capitis femoris Transverse acetabular
What are the major ligaments of the knee joint?
-Capsular: Articular capsule Ligamentum patellae Oblique popliteal Arcuate popliteal Tibial collateral (MCL) -Extracapsular: Fibular collateral (LCL) -Intracapsular ACL PCL
What are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg?
Tibialis anterior
EHL
EDL
Fibularis Tertius
What is the primary function of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg?
Dorsiflexion of the foot for toe clearance during swing phase in gait
What are the muscles of the lateral compartment of leg muscles and their function?
Fibularis longus
Fibularis brevis
f(x): pronation and plantarflexion of the foot
What are the superficial group of muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg and their function?
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Plantaris
f(x): plantarflexion
What are the deep group of muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg and their function?
Popliteus FHL FDL Tibialis posterior f(x): plantarflexion and supination
What are the first layer of plantar muscles?
ABductor hallucis
FDB
ABductor digiti minimi
What are the second layer of plantar muscles?
What also courses in this layer?
Quadratus plantae
Lumbricales (4)
- these are associated with the tendons of FDL
- tendon of FHL courses this layer and is connected to the tendon of FDL by knot of henry
What are the third layer of plantar muscles?
What also courses in this layer?
FHB
ADductor hallucis
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
-tendons of fib longus and tibialis posterior course this layer
What are the fourth layer of plantar muscles?
3 plantar interossei
4 dorsal interossei
What are the major branches of the femoral artery?
- Profunda (deep) femoral artery
- Medial/Lateral femoral circumflex artery
- Perforating arteries
What does the femoral artery vascularize?
anterior compartment of the thigh
What does the deep femoral artery vascularize?
anterior, medial, posterior compartments of the thigh
What are the branches of the popliteal artery?
Sural, genicular, anterior/posterior tibial
What are the branches of the Anterior tibial artery?
Posterior/Anterior tibial recurrent arteries
Anterior medial/lateral malleolar arteries
What are the branches of the posterior tibial artery?
Circumflex fibular, fibular artery, posterior medial malleolar, medial calcaneal, medial and lateral plantar
Branches of the fibular artery?
perforating artery, posterior lateral malleolar artery, lateral calcaneal
Branches of the dorsalis pedis?
Lateral/medial tarsal artery, arcuate artery, first dorsal metatarsal artery, deep plantar
What muscles does the Deep fibular nerve innervate in the leg?
Tibialis anterior
EHL
EDL
Fibularis tertius
Anterior compartment
What muscles does the superficial fibular nerve innervate in the leg?
Fibularis longus and brevis
Lateral compartment
What muscles does the tibial nerve innervate in the leg?
Gastrocnemius soleus plantaris popliteus FHL Tibialis posterior FDL
Posterior compartment
What muscles does the deep fibular nerve innervate in the foot?
EHB
EDB
What muscles does the medial plantar nerve innervate in the foot?
ABductor hallucis, FDB, FHB, first lumbricale
What muscles does the lateral plantar innervate?
ABductor digiti minimi, quadratus plantae, 2-4 lumbricales, ADductor hallucis, flexor digiti minimi, 1-4 dorsal and 1-3 plantar interossei
