synthetic routes Flashcards by Abdullah Anwar

Q

How to form alkane from alkene

A

H2 and nickel catalyst and 423K

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Q

How to form haloalkane from alkene

A

hydrogen halide

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Q

how to form haloalkane from alkane

A

halogen and UV light

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Q

how to get alcohol from haloalkane

A

aq NaOH and reflux

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Q

how to get haloalkane from alcohol

A

sodium halide and conc H2SO4

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Q

how to get alcohol from alkene

A

steam and H3PO4 catalyst

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Q

how to get alkene from alcohol

A

H2SO4

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Q

how to form aldehyde from primary alcohol

A

acidified K2Cr2O7 and conc H2SO4 and distil

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Q

how to form carboxylic acid from primary alcohol

A

acidified K2Cr2O7 and conc H2SO4 and reflux

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Q

how to form ketone from secondary alcohol

A

acidified K2Cr2O7 and conc H2SO4 and reflux

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Q

how to form nitrile from haloalkane

A

NaCN

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Q

how to form amine from haloalkane

A

excess NH3 and ethanol

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Q

how to form amine from nitrile

A

H2 and Ni catalyst

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Q

how to form alcohol from aldehyde

A

NaBH4 and H2O

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Q

how to form hydroxynitrile from aldehyde

A

NaCN and H+

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Q

how to form carboxylic acid from aldehyde

A

acidified K2Cr2O7 and conc H2SO4 and reflux

Q

how to form carboxylic acid from nitrile

A

H2O and HCl

Q

how to form an ester using carboxylic acid and alcohol

A

H2SO4 catalyst

Q

how to form an ester using acyl chloride

A

just use alcohol.

Q

how to form acyl chloride

A

carboxylic acid and SOCl2

Q

how to form carboxylic acid from acyl chloride

A

H2O

Q

How to form primary amide

A

acyl chloride + NH3

Q

how to form secondary amide

A

acyl chloride + primary amine

Q

how to form methyl benzene

A

benzene and CH3Cl and AlCl3 catalyst

how to form nitrobenzene

benzene and HNO3 and H2SO4 catalyst

how to form phenyl amine

use nitro benzene and first add tin then conc HCl then NaOH

how to form chlorobenzene

benzene and Cl2 with AlCl3 catalyst

how to do acylation of benzene

benzene andCH3COCl and AlCl3 catalyst